Micro: exotoxins Flashcards

1
Q

inactivate elongation factor (EF-2)

-two bacteria

A

(1) Diptheria toxin

2) exotoxin A (psuedomonas aeruginosa

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2
Q

inactivates 60S ribosome by removing adenine from rRNA

-two bacteria

A

(1) Shiga toxin
(2) Shiga-like toxin (EHEC)

these enhance cytokine release… causing HUS

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3
Q

overactivates adenylate cyclase (Increase cAMP) –> increased Cl- secretion in gut and H20 efflux

A

heat LABILE toxin of ETEC

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4
Q

overactivates guanylate cyclase (increase cGMP) –> decrease resorption of NaCl and H2O in gut

A

heat STABLE toxin of ETEC

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5
Q

mimics adenylate cyclase enzyme (increase cAMP)

A

edema factor (bacillus anthracis)

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6
Q

overactivates adenylate cyclase (increase cAMP) by permanently activating Gs –> increase Cl- secretion in gut and H2O efflux

A

cholera toxin

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7
Q

overactivates adenylate cyclase (increase cAMP) by disabling Gi –> impairs phagocytosis to permit survival of microbe

A

pertussis toxin (ADP- ribosylating A-B toxin)

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8
Q
Pertussis toxin (ADP-ribosylating A-B toxin)
A does \_\_\_\_\_
B does \_\_\_\_\_
A

B (binding) component binds to host cell surface receptor

A (active) component ataches ADP-ribosyl to disrupt host proteins

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9
Q

cleave SNARE protein required for neurotransmitter release (so NT is NOT released)
-two bacteria

A

(1) Tetanospasmin (clostridium tetani)
- toxin prevents release of inhibitory NT (GABA and glycine) in spinal cord
(2) Botulinum toxin (clostridium botulinum)
- toxin prevents release of stimulatory ACh

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10
Q

phospholipase that degrades tissue and cell membrane (lyse cell membrane)

A
Alpha toxin (clostridium perfringens)
-degradation of phospholipid C --> myonecrosis (gag gangrene) and hemolysis
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11
Q

porting that degrades the cell membrane (lyes cell membrane)

A

streptolysin O (strep pyogenes)

  • contributes to B-hemolysis
  • host antibodies against ASO toxin used to diagnose rheumatic fever
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12
Q

bring MHC II and TCR in proximity to outside of antigen binding site to cause overwhelming release of IFN-y and IL-2 –> shock
-two toxins

A

(1) TSST-1 (staph aureus)

2) exotoxin A (strep pyogenes

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13
Q

ENDOtoxin: LPS

  • seen in gram (-)
  • what are it’s actions?
A

(1) activates macrophage
- IL-1, TNF, nitric oxide
(2) activates complement
- C3a, C5a
(3) activates tissue factor
- coagulation cascade –> DIC

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