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Abnormal Amnio > Micro - Epithelium > Flashcards

Micro - Epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

Tissue Definition

A

Group of structurally or physiologically similar cells + intercellular substance that surrounds them

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2
Q

4 basic tissue types

A

Epithelium, CT, Muscle, Nerve

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3
Q

Organ definition

A

made from tow or more different tissue types that work together to perform specialized functions

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4
Q

Characteristics of epithelium

A 
Closely apposed, sit on CT, sit on a BM
membrane junctions
not speciailzed for contraction
polarized - apical, basal etc
AVASCULAR
High mitosis rate
step cells
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5
Q

Membrane junctions hold cells together

A

Tight junctions, zonulae adherentes, desmosomes

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6
Q

Membrane junctions to communicate

A

gap junctions

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7
Q

Membrane junctions to bind to BM

A

hemidesmosomes, focal adhesions

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8
Q

Microvilli

A

Actin, increase surface area
sit on terminal web
Brush border/striated border - visible by LM

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9
Q

Terminal web

A

network of actin filaments + proteins anchored to zonula adherens and apical membrane
rests on a network of IF

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10
Q

Glycocalyx

A

fuzzy layer on top of cells
Carbohydrate side chains of glycoproteins
Digestive enzyme activity, hormone receptor site, cell to cell recognition

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11
Q

Stereocilia

A

Actin, terminal web
longer than microvilli
FOund only on male reproductive tract and sensory hair cells

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12
Q

Cilia

A

MTs

Cilium grows from 9 triplets basal body

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13
Q

Ordinary Cilia

A

Motile, MTs
Axoneme - 9+2 MT
Has dynein arms for motility
On only a few epithelia but numerous on those cells
Clump together
Basal bodies - show up as dark line on apical side

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14
Q

Primary cilia

A 
Nonmotile
Axoneme - 9+0 MT
No dynein arms
Only one cilium per cell
Sensory structures that send signals
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15
Q

POlycystic kidney disease

A

Mutant genes that code for primary cilia

Numerous cysts that destroy the kidney cortex

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16
Q

Basement membrane composition

A

Basal lamina + lamina reticularis

Hemisdesmosomes, focal adhesions

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17
Q

Basal lamina structure

A

Lamina lucida - light color
Lamina densa - dark color
epithelial cells make the components

18
Q

Reticular lamina

A

CT cells make the components

Fibroblasts

19
Q

Basement membrane functions

A

Anchor epithelia to CT
semipermeable filtration barrier
Regulate growth of blood vessels

20
Q

Transitional epithelium

A

Relaxed state - large dome shaped
Stretched state - flat and rectangular
Binucleate sometimes

21
Q

Keratinized Stratified squamous epithelium

A

Minimally - surface cells alive - visible nuclei
found on moist body surfaces
Maximally - surface cells are dead - no nuclei
Found on dry body surfaces

22
Q

Endothelium

A

Simple squamous epithelium that lines the lumen of all BV, lymphatic vessels, heart chambers

23
Q

Mesothelium

A

Simple squamous that lines walls of body cavities, outer surfaces of organs (lungs, heart, stomach)

24
Q

Simple Squamous location

A

Endothelium
Mesothelium
Renal corpuscles wall

25
Q

Simple cuboidal

A

Kidney tubules

Ducts in exocrine glands

26
Q

Simple columnar

A

Lumen of stomach and intestines

27
Q

Minimally keratinized strat squamous

A

esophagous, cheeks

28
Q

Maximally keratinized strat squamous

A

epidermis of skin

29
Q

Strat cuboidal

A

rare - only 2 layers thick

Ducts of sweat glands

30
Q

Strat columnar

A

larger ducts in some exocrine

Rare - 2 layers thick

31
Q

Pseudostrat columnar

A

respiratory system

Ciliated cells or stereocilia

32
Q

Trasnitional

A

urinary system only

33
Q

Epithelia functions

A

Secretion, absorption, transport, protection, sensory receptor, permeability barriers

34
Q

Epithelia for secretion/absorption

A

simple and some psuedo

35
Q

Rapid transport

A

simple squamous

36
Q

Protection against wear and tear

A

Simple squamous with keratin

37
Q

Protection from dessication

A

maximally keratinized

38
Q

permeability barrier

A

strat epithelium or simple with tight junctions

39
Q

Metaplasia

A

conversion of normal epithelium to another type of normal epithelium
often in response to stresses

40
Q

Dysplasia

A

Conversion of a normal type of epithelium to an abnormal one
Change cell shape and size - pleomorphism
Abnormal arrangement or location of cells
More mitoses
Mitoses in abnormal locations

Abnormal Amnio (5 decks)

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