Micro: Case Review Flashcards
Janeway lesions
Usually non-tender, small hemorrhagic lesions on the palms and soles. Last days to weeks. Commonly seen in acute infectious endocarditis. Histology is consistent with septic micro-embolism (bacteria found in the lesion).
Osler’s nodes
Usually red-purple, tender, slightly raised lumps often with a pale center on the pads of fingers or toes. Pain typically precedes the development of the lesion (~24 hours). Presence of the node last hours to days and can occur at any time with endocarditis. Histology is consistent with an immunological cause (inflammation), however bacteria have also been isolated from these lesions (early, not late) Type III hypersensitivity.
Rheumatoid factor
antibody that can bind the Fc portion of the IgG antibody
An antibody against an antibody
Roth spots, what type of hypersensitivity
Type 3
Key Virulence Factors:Streptococcus species (viridans):
dextran production / glycocalyx formation surface adhesion proteins (FimA, GspB)
Key Virulence Factors: Streptococcus pneumoniae:
Capsule
Key Virulence Factors Streptococcus pyogenes:
Capsule
M protein
Key Virulence Factors: Neisseria meningitidis:
Capsule
Key Virulence Factors: Enterococcus species:
Biofilm formation (various proteins)
Key Virulence Factors: Staphylococcus aureus:
Capsule Biofilm formation (various proteins) Elastin, Collagen, and Fibronectin (FnbpA) binding proteins Coagulase Leukocidin
Key Virulence Factors:Staphylococcus epidermidis:
SD-repeat containing protein-G (SdrG) Biofilm formation (various proteins)
Key Virulence Factors:Coxsackie A and B, Adenoviruses:
Coxsackie-Adenovirus cellular receptor (CAR) binding proteins
Key Virulence Factors: Rickettsia rickettsia:
OmpA and OmpB (attachment)
Type 4 Secretion System (T4SS) (host cell entry)
