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Neuro2 > Micro > Flashcards

Micro Flashcards

1
Q

Flavi

A

small env, non seg, + strand RNA

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2
Q

St Louis, West Nile, Japanese enceph

A

Flavi (and HepC)

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3
Q

viral polymerase replicates genomic RNA

A

flavi

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4
Q

genomic RNA translated by host ribos to generate single polyprotein

A

flavi

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5
Q

for flavi severe systemic disease like enceph is due to

A

secondary viremia

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6
Q

clinical syndrom of St Louis virus

A

febrile headache, aseptic meningitis, encephalitis

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7
Q

typical incubation for St. Louis virus

A

4-21 days

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8
Q

control of St. Louis virus

A

mosquito control. No vaccine or antivirals

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9
Q

trans cycle involves mosquitoes biting infected bird

A

west nile virus

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10
Q

% of those infected with west nile that get severely ill

A

1%

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11
Q

West Nile tx

A

supportive therapy if severe. No vaccine or specific antiviral

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12
Q

vaccine recommended for travelers to Asia, SE Asia, etc if staying >1 month

A

Japanese enceph virus

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13
Q

togaviridae

A

small env, nonseg + RNA

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14
Q

Rubivirus and alphavirus

A

togaviridae

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15
Q

small env, nonseg + RNA

A

togaviridae

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16
Q

alphavirus

A

western equine, eastern equine, Venezuelan equine (WEE, EEE, VEE)

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17
Q

The non-structural proteins are encoded at the 5’ end, formed during the first of two characteristic rounds of translation. These proteins are originally translated as a polyprotein, which consequently undergo self cleavage, forming four non-structural proteins responsible for gene expression and replication. The formation of a sub-genomic fragment, encoding the structural proteins and a negative sense fragment, a template for further synthesis of positive sense RNA are the characteristic second phase of translation. Assembly takes place at the cell surface, where the virus buds from the cell, acquiring the envelope.

A

togaviridae

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18
Q

initially virus replicates in in muscle and fibroblasts of numerous organs

A

alphaviridae (toga) - WEE, EEE, VEE

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19
Q

low viremia and invasion of CNS leading to dest of neurons

A

alphaviridae (toga) - WEE, EEE, VEE

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20
Q

Treatment of WEE, etc

A

no vaccine for humans, horses are vaccinated and lab workers.

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21
Q

Bunyaviridae

A

env, spherical particles with seg SS - RNA

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22
Q

California enceph virus and la crosse enceph virus

A

bunyaviridae

23
Q

env, spherical particles with seg SS - RNA

A

bunyaviridae

24
Q

Replication similar to influenza but occurs exclusively in cytoplasm and mRNAs are not spliced

A

bunyaviridae

25
Q

most common cause of arboviral induced pediatric encephalitis in the U.S.

A

La Crosse virus (bunya)

26
Q

produces seizure and focal neuro signs in children with a low mortality rate and rare sequelae. No vaccine

A

La Crosse virus

27
Q

Rhabdo - Rabies

A

env, nonseg, - RNA

28
Q

bullet shape morphology

A

Rhabdo - Rabies

29
Q

rabies is a

A

lyssavirus

30
Q

Replication same as paramyxo except they enter by ph dependent manner following endocytosis

A

rabies virus - single glycoprotein with ph dep fusion activity

31
Q

found in high conc in salivary glands in late stage of disease

A

rabies

32
Q

uniformly fatal if post exposure treatment is not administered

A

rabies

33
Q

trans usually from animal bite (also through open wounds and saliva)

A

rabies

34
Q

incubation 2-3 months usually (can be as short as a week though)

A

rabies - depends on bite site

35
Q

replicates locally in muscle and transported through per sensory nerves to spinal ganglia. travels up sc to brain

A

rabies

36
Q

rabies virus predominates in which neurons?

A

limbic system, midbrain, hypothalamus

37
Q

efferent nerve transport to salivary glands

A

rabies virus

38
Q

“furious rabies”

A

hyperactivity

39
Q

“dumb rabies”

A

paralysis predominates

40
Q

common sign is hydrophobia

A

rabies - due to exaggerated gag

41
Q

coma and rabies

A

occurs 2-7 days following acute neuro phase and can last 3-30 days. Death from respiratory arrest.

42
Q

rabies tx

A

wash wound, instill human Ig, multiple doses vaccine (effective due to long incubation period of virus/disease)

43
Q

all rabies vaccines are

A

inactivated

44
Q

rabies control

A

vaccinate pets, some success with vaccine baits for wild animals (foxes, racoons, skunks)

45
Q

arenaviridae

A

env, seg, ambisense RNA

46
Q

lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)

A

arenaviridae

47
Q

env, seg, ambisense RNA

A

arenaviridae - LCMV

48
Q

virions contain 2 segments encoding 4 proteins and host cell ribosomes

A

arenaviridae - LCMV

49
Q

arena replication

A

entry by ph dep pathway following endocytosis, uncoats, transcription and replication by “ambisense” strategy

50
Q

genome used as a template for transcription and the NP and L mRNAs are produced, polymerase produces a full length antigenome for each segment, + sense antigenome is used as a template for transcription of the glycoprotein mRNA, virus particles assembled and released from the cell surface by budding

A

arenaviridae- LCMV

51
Q

transmitted by inhalation of aerosolized excreta from rodents

A

arenaviridae- LCMV

52
Q

prodrome fever HA N/V coincides with viremia, aseptic meningitis 10 days later, some patients have sudden onset deafness during meningeal phase

A

arenaviridae- LCMV

53
Q

arenavirus tx

A

no vaccine available

54
Q

neuro complications occur in ___ of AIDS patients

A

40%

Neuro2 (6 decks)

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