Micro

Question 1

Flavi

Answer 1

small env, non seg, + strand RNA

Question 2

St Louis, West Nile, Japanese enceph

Answer 2

Flavi (and HepC)

Question 3

viral polymerase replicates genomic RNA

Answer 3

flavi

Question 4

genomic RNA translated by host ribos to generate single polyprotein

Answer 4

flavi

Question 5

for flavi severe systemic disease like enceph is due to

Answer 5

secondary viremia

Question 6

clinical syndrom of St Louis virus

Answer 6

febrile headache, aseptic meningitis, encephalitis

Question 7

typical incubation for St. Louis virus

Answer 7

4-21 days

Question 8

control of St. Louis virus

Answer 8

mosquito control. No vaccine or antivirals

Question 9

trans cycle involves mosquitoes biting infected bird

Answer 9

west nile virus

Question 10

% of those infected with west nile that get severely ill

Answer 10

1%

Question 11

West Nile tx

Answer 11

supportive therapy if severe. No vaccine or specific antiviral

Question 12

vaccine recommended for travelers to Asia, SE Asia, etc if staying >1 month

Answer 12

Japanese enceph virus

Question 13

togaviridae

Answer 13

small env, nonseg + RNA

Question 14

Rubivirus and alphavirus

Answer 14

togaviridae

Question 15

small env, nonseg + RNA

Answer 15

togaviridae

Question 16

alphavirus

Answer 16

western equine, eastern equine, Venezuelan equine (WEE, EEE, VEE)

Question 17

The non-structural proteins are encoded at the 5’ end, formed during the first of two characteristic rounds of translation. These proteins are originally translated as a polyprotein, which consequently undergo self cleavage, forming four non-structural proteins responsible for gene expression and replication. The formation of a sub-genomic fragment, encoding the structural proteins and a negative sense fragment, a template for further synthesis of positive sense RNA are the characteristic second phase of translation. Assembly takes place at the cell surface, where the virus buds from the cell, acquiring the envelope.

Answer 17

togaviridae

Question 18

initially virus replicates in in muscle and fibroblasts of numerous organs

Answer 18

alphaviridae (toga) - WEE, EEE, VEE

Question 19

low viremia and invasion of CNS leading to dest of neurons

Answer 19

alphaviridae (toga) - WEE, EEE, VEE

Question 20

Treatment of WEE, etc

Answer 20

no vaccine for humans, horses are vaccinated and lab workers.

Question 21

Bunyaviridae

Answer 21

env, spherical particles with seg SS - RNA

Question 22

California enceph virus and la crosse enceph virus

Answer 22

bunyaviridae

Question 23

env, spherical particles with seg SS - RNA

Answer 23

bunyaviridae

Question 24

Replication similar to influenza but occurs exclusively in cytoplasm and mRNAs are not spliced

Answer 24

bunyaviridae

Question 25

most common cause of arboviral induced pediatric encephalitis in the U.S.

Answer 25

La Crosse virus (bunya)

Question 26

produces seizure and focal neuro signs in children with a low mortality rate and rare sequelae. No vaccine

Answer 26

La Crosse virus

Question 27

Rhabdo - Rabies

Answer 27

env, nonseg, - RNA

Question 28

bullet shape morphology

Answer 28

Rhabdo - Rabies

Question 29

rabies is a

Answer 29

lyssavirus

Question 30

Replication same as paramyxo except they enter by ph dependent manner following endocytosis

Answer 30

rabies virus - single glycoprotein with ph dep fusion activity

Question 31

found in high conc in salivary glands in late stage of disease

Answer 31

rabies

Question 32

uniformly fatal if post exposure treatment is not administered

Answer 32

rabies

Question 33

trans usually from animal bite (also through open wounds and saliva)

Answer 33

rabies

Question 34

incubation 2-3 months usually (can be as short as a week though)

Answer 34

rabies - depends on bite site

Question 35

replicates locally in muscle and transported through per sensory nerves to spinal ganglia. travels up sc to brain

Answer 35

rabies

Question 36

rabies virus predominates in which neurons?

Answer 36

limbic system, midbrain, hypothalamus

Question 37

efferent nerve transport to salivary glands

Answer 37

rabies virus

Question 38

"furious rabies"

Answer 38

hyperactivity

Question 39

"dumb rabies"

Answer 39

paralysis predominates

Question 40

common sign is hydrophobia

Answer 40

rabies - due to exaggerated gag

Question 41

coma and rabies

Answer 41

occurs 2-7 days following acute neuro phase and can last 3-30 days. Death from respiratory arrest.

Question 42

rabies tx

Answer 42

wash wound, instill human Ig, multiple doses vaccine (effective due to long incubation period of virus/disease)

Question 43

all rabies vaccines are

Answer 43

inactivated

Question 44

rabies control

Answer 44

vaccinate pets, some success with vaccine baits for wild animals (foxes, racoons, skunks)

Question 45

arenaviridae

Answer 45

env, seg, ambisense RNA

Question 46

lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)

Answer 46

arenaviridae

Question 47

env, seg, ambisense RNA

Answer 47

arenaviridae - LCMV

Question 48

virions contain 2 segments encoding 4 proteins and host cell ribosomes

Answer 48

arenaviridae - LCMV

Question 49

arena replication

Answer 49

entry by ph dep pathway following endocytosis, uncoats, transcription and replication by "ambisense" strategy

Question 50

genome used as a template for transcription and the NP and L mRNAs are produced, polymerase produces a full length antigenome for each segment, + sense antigenome is used as a template for transcription of the glycoprotein mRNA, virus particles assembled and released from the cell surface by budding

Answer 50

arenaviridae- LCMV

Question 51

transmitted by inhalation of aerosolized excreta from rodents

Answer 51

arenaviridae- LCMV

Question 52

prodrome fever HA N/V coincides with viremia, aseptic meningitis 10 days later, some patients have sudden onset deafness during meningeal phase

Answer 52

arenaviridae- LCMV

Question 53

arenavirus tx

Answer 53

no vaccine available

Question 54

neuro complications occur in ___ of AIDS patients

Answer 54

40%