Michaelmas

Question 1

What are the various causes of bronchopneumonia in a lamb?

Answer 1

Multifactorial - bacteria, viral, stress etc.

Question 2

Which species causes parasitic bronchpneumonia in carnivores and insectivores?

Answer 2

Crenosoma spp

Question 3

What are clinical signs of Crenosoma in the hedgehog?

Answer 3

Chronic respiratory infection (coughing,

sneezing, nasal discharge, tachypnoea)

Question 4

What is the lifestyle of Crenosoma?

Answer 4

Ovo-viviparous, L1 in faeces

Question 5

How can you diagnose Crenosoma?

Answer 5

examination of faeces, smear, flotation or Baerman

technique (L1)

Question 6

Factors causing primary ruminal tympany?

Answer 6

hereditary predisposition, new diet, grain concentrates,

certain legumes, such as alfalfa and ladino clover

Question 7

Cause of death in bloat?

Answer 7

compression of the diaphragm, decreased pleural
cavity size, respiratory distress, increased abdominal and thoracic pressures, decreased venous return to the heart, and generalised congestion

Question 8

What % of feline deaths are associated with FIP?

Answer 8

12%

Question 9

Where do cats catch FIP from?

Answer 9

saliva on shared bowls and utensils, feces, mutation of endogenous
coronavirus

Question 10

In which cells does FIP initially replicate?

Answer 10

Epithelial cells of the intestine, and lymph nodes

Question 11

Which cells are infected before viraemia in FIP?

Answer 11

Macrophages

Question 12

Which cells are activated giving systemic vasculitis in FIP?

Answer 12

Endothelial cells, secondary the MHC upregulation

Question 13

Which conditions follow systemic vasculitis in FIP?

Answer 13

Peritonitis, serositis, granulomatous nephritis, pleuritis, meningitis, uveitis etc

Question 14

Clinical signs of FIP?

Answer 14

progressive loss weight,

abdomen distention, behavioral changes

Question 15

Clinical signs of Johne’s disease?

Answer 15

Chronic diarrhoea, emaciation, and hypoproteinaemia

Question 16

PM findings in Johne’s disease?

Answer 16

Proliferative enteropathy (histiocytic), lymphangiectasia, lymphadenopathy, ulceration, thickened ileocaceal valve, thickened ileum, caecum and proximal colon

Question 17

Which stain for Johne’s?

Answer 17

Ziehl-Neelson

Question 18

How old are affected animals in Johne’s?

Answer 18

1.5-2

Question 19

Which species get chronic diarrhoea in Johne’s?

Answer 19

Cattle, some pygmy goats

Question 20

Which species get wasting disease in Johne’s?

Answer 20

Goats and sheep

Question 21

How do you catch Johne’s disease?

Answer 21

From faeces

Question 22

How does Johne’s get to mesenteric lymph nodes?

Answer 22

GI tract, macrophages, intestine and mesenteric lymph nodes

Question 23

What do you see on histo in Johne’s disease?

Answer 23

Granulomatous enteritis - foamy macrophages, large numbers of acid-fast bacilli, MGNs

Question 24

Why is there speculation that Johne’s is zoonotic?

Answer 24

Crohn’s disease in humans

Question 25

How long does ascaris suum take to mature in faeces?

Answer 25

Over 4 weeks

Question 26

Which phase penetrates the intestinal wall in ascaris suum and goes through the portal circulation?

Answer 26

L2

Question 27

Which phase is in the trachea, lungs, liver, caudal vena cava in ascaris suum?

Answer 27

L3

Question 28

How long can ascaris suum last in earthworms?

Answer 28

Long period

Question 29

Clinical signs of ascariasis in pigs?

Answer 29

Weight loss, peritonitis, obstruction, pancreatitis, jaundice, GI obstruction, mucous enteritis

Question 30

How do you diagnose ascariasis in pigs?

Answer 30

Clinical signs, eggs seen, adult worms seen

Question 31

How do you control ascariasis?

Answer 31

Anthelmintic, strict hygiene in feeding and breeding

Question 32

Which other species can ascaris suum infection?

Answer 32

Cattle, lambs, occasionally man