Mexico Review Flashcards
manuel alva comocha
1st conservative gov. 1940, he was a staff general
Plan of San Luis Potosi
Francisco madero’s plan that started the revolution, people’s vote meant something
Venustiano Carranza
Mexican President, from NW. A revolutionary general. accepted radical constitution. tried to keep ignacio bottles as his successor. want profiriato
Victoriano Huerta
Had madero killed. Ran Mexico similar to a crime organization. Worked with Henry Lane Wilson to withdraw Madero.faught against obregon,carrnza,villa,zapata
Henry Lane Wilson
US Ambassador that helped remove Madero
Francisco Madero
from Coahuila
Francisco “Pancho”Villa
Outlaw, general from Chihuahua. gave land to his lieutenants not the ppl. Raided Columbus New Mexico. John J. Pershing intervened for the United States
Josephus Daniels
American Ambassador during the late 1930s, during oil expropriation.( form US & Britain) Cardenas
Ricardo Flores Magon
Radical Magon brother, helped brig about radical terms of the constitution. Briefly pres. of Mexico
Vicente Lombardo Toledano
Leader of the unions during presidency of (advocated for arming of unions
Plutaro Elias Calles
Pres. of Mexico, tries to establish puppet governments. El Jefe Maximo like the porfirio when Diaz ran Mexico. distributed 1% of available land. enters as a radical and becomes conservative
Plan of Guadalupe
Carranza’s plan calling for return to constitutional gov., against Huerta’s gov.
Jose Vasconcelos
philosopher that talked about created cosmic race(mixture of hispanic, indian, african blood) in Mexico. Secretary of education that promoted socialist education, secular education
Article 27
redistribution of land, subsoil rights: belong to the states
Treaty of Bacearali
Treaty between Mexico and the united states: oil (what was found before 1917 belonged to the companies) & recognition of the gov. in place as the legitimate gov.
Hacendados
people who own haciendas
Bernado Reyes
conservative side of porfirio gov. general in the army, tries to overthrow madero but dies in the process
Cristero Rebellion
christian rebellion against calles’ anti-clerical stances. including moderate and fundamentalist christians.
“Soy Creyente”
I am a believer . Manuel Camacho said this during inauguration speech. ( you can be a believer and a revolutionary the same time)
Alvaro Obregon
General in the Civil War in Mexica. Work for Carranza, leads army from the NW. Becomes president after Carranza, responsible for his death. When he leaves Calles takes power then he regains power and is assassinated b4 inaugurated
Emiliano Zapata
From the south, wanted real land reform. Ejido style land reform ( communal lands belonging to villages) He that works it owns it.
Benito Juarez
Pres., Lawyer. declared moratorium on the debt owed to banks in europe bringing about the intervention of Maxi-million,(Napoleon 3). 1st full blooded indian president of Mexico. removed then regains power. His period of rule is called la reforma, Ley Juarez, Ley Yerdo.
Porifiro Diaz
Pres. Porfiriato. 1876-1911.
Lazaro Cardenas
supposed to be a puppet for calles, but he started his own campaign and talked to the ppl. he exiled Calles and amaro. A revolutionary, carrying out ideas of 1917 constitution. redistributes more land than all the presidents b4 him. expropriates the oil.
Francisco Mujica
main architect of constitution of 1917( goes back to revolutionary ideas of la reforma and 1857 constitution of benito juarez)
Ignacio Bonillas
Candidate supported by Carranza. Was ambassador to the US b4 the revolution.
Dwight Morrow
US Ambassador during Calles’ rule. Supposed to 1. get american property right validated ( treaty of bucarelli) 2. to end the cristero rebellion
Juaqin Amaro
reformed the army, made it more professional, helped retire generals, give promotions, move people around.
Articel 3
anit-clerical
Spiritual Socialism
They could be socialist and have religion. ( because of cristero revolts, addressing things going on in Russia)
Cientifico
some were intellectuals. POSITIVISTS. progressive in the sense that they support redistribution of land to companies not indians. TECHNOCRATS . left wing of dial’s advisors. army was right sing. diva worked them against each other
Caudillo
strong man, dictator, super machismo
Plan de Ayala
Zapata’s plan that called for redistribution of land in the ejido style
Latifundia
back to roman days. Large estate that could be self sufficient and provide for commercial needs
Campesinos
country people, field workers. NOT PEASANTS. hired hand that works in the country side. landless. peasants aren’t landless
Felix Diaz
nephew of porfirio Diaz. General in the army. Tragic Decente ( 10 tragic days) leader of anti-madero group
La Reforma
1850-60’s Juarez’s reform plan during 1857 constitution.
Jefe Maximo
Calles’ rule, after his presidency when he had 3 separate behind the scenes presidencies
Red Batillions
organized labor/ city workers organized under carranza by Oregon to fight Huerta.
Soledara
Women Soldiers: fought for Zapata, Oregon, Villa, Huerta
Luis Morones
the labor boss during the beginning of the Mexican Revolution under Carranza. creates a nationwide union. liked diamonds, fine wine, women
CTM
confederation trabajos mexicanos: bringing together all the workers that are in some form of industry. Under presidency of Calles
Diego Rivera
Mural artist
Article 130
anti-clerical
Socialist Education
education about being more communal, rather than individual
CROM
ran by Luis Morenes.
PRI
National Political Party. Partido Revolucion Institution. brings together CNC and CTM. brings together pop. part and gets rid of military
Sexenio
six year term of the presidency
PNR
Political party formed by Calles. brings in CROM(urban), has the popular group=professionals and the campesinos
Ejido
communal ands, lands owned by villages and worked communally
Cristeros
christians who rise against the anti-cerical called
PEMEX
Mexican petroleum company formed after the expropriation of the oil companies by Cardenas. Oil monopoly
Corporatism
form of government where individuals are represented by the economic function your perform in society
Pistoleros
gunman under Villa
PRM
next stem for PNR before it becomes PRI. created by Cardenas. 4 sectors : professional, military, urban workers, rural workers.
Gold Shirts
A fascist organization in N. Mexico. opposed Cardenas’ redistribution of land.
Red Shirts
Fascist from S. Mexico Tabasco,opposed Cardenas’ redistribution of land, socialist actions
CNC
Rural organization. Campesino Nacional Confederacion
Article 123
Labor rIghts: like restricting child labor, right to strike, right to organize
Laguna
the showcase for Cardenas’ land redistribution. not a success.(but is raised the standard of living for the people who worked it) (failure because wasn’t a commercial success)
