Cuba Review Flashcards
History Will Absolve Me
Fidel’s speech when he was on trial for raiding barracks
Dr. Ramon Grau San Martin
Professor of physiology, only one that voted not to give Batista honorary doctorate. He was elected president in 1944-48. After Batista
Gerardo Machado Matos
President of Cuba in 1925, rigs the next election. ousted by revolution of 1933
Carlos Rafael Rodrigues
sent to sierra mastres to talk to castro. an urban guerrilla, not part of the core. Proposes orthodox economic policy (physical/monitary incentive instead of moral incentive) Che’s enemy
Year of Decisive Endeavor
the ten million ton harvest, not a moral incentive but a physical incentive
Let the Shame be Welcome
the speech that castro gave after they failed to reach the 10 million harvest july 26 1970. Fidel took responsibility.
Fulgencio Batista y Zaldivar
a sergeant in the army (job was court stenographer). Helped overthrow Machado in the 1930 coup de ta b4 gov. turned over to student directory and put San martin in power. ruled 1940-44 1952-1958/9
Jose Antonio Echevarria
Tried to kill Batista, is head of the student directory. Discussed by Castro(you can be a revolutionary and a believer at the same time)
Carlos Prio Socarras
President of Cuba 1948-1952.(while batista was in Miami)
Rectification Program
?
Cuban Missle Crisis
Russia put arms on Cuba’s soil and aimed it at the US. US policy makers were surprised because the Russians had never taken weapons and put them on foreign soil. 90% of US fell within striking range
Tiempo Muerto
8 month period where you can’t harvest
Directorio Estudiantil
he Student Directory, (Jose Eehevarria was the head at one point). Led students int he fight against batista. They organized students at he universities in Cuba.
Agrarian Reform Law
May 17 1959:promogated by Castro: breaks up large landholding and redistributes the holding to cooperatives. No foreign ownership of agricultural lands
Herbert Mathews
NY times reporter met with Castro in the mountains and wrote about the revolution
Revolution of 1933
Machado was overthrown. The student directory brought about the revolution. The young intellectuals that did this were called “ generation of 1933”: decided Grau would be Pres.
Charles Magoon
an American that was president of Cuba. (occupational governor). attempts to rig elections so the US can get who they want to win
Ernesto “Che” Guevera
Meets Castro in Mexico City and joins his cause. He’s from argentina ( a physician).wanted guerrilla movements all across L.A. after the cuban revolution was successful.
Valeriano Weyler
General that Spain sent to end the 1895 rebellion. “ the butcher” because of his treatment of the rebels
Eddie Chibas
The radio announcer that shoots himself while on live radio. doesn’t die till days later. Ran for president and lost. belongs to orthodox party that broke with the authentic party.
Manuel Urrutia
lawyer and liberal that campaigned against Machado.
Bay of Pigs
Failed invasion of Cuban exiles that were trained by CIA in Guatemala. Planned under Eisenhower and executed under Kennedy. K. chose to hide US involvement by restricting support to the exiles.
Elian Gonzalez
young boy who fled Cuba, the boat sank and he was found on the beach.
Phillip Bonsel
American Ambassador to Cuba from 1959-1961
Sumner Wells
FDR’s representative to Cuba, and helped bring about the overthrow of Grau. Equated to Henry Lane Wilson in Mexico
Jose Mito Cordona
fought in three man revolution. communist have too much influence on castro.
Heberto Padilla
a writer/supporter of the revolution. in 1971 he is arrested and put on trial as a trainer to the revolution. criticizes castro for their never being an election.
Jacobo Arbenz
President of Guatemala, was taken out by the CIA. inspired Che to become a revolutionary.
Richard Bissell
Created Bay of Pigs to overthrow Castro regime. Eisenhower and Kennedy both approve the plan.
Nunez Jiminez
Cuban revolutionary that worked with Che on land reform. (put in charge of agency in charge of land reform) Known communist.
Huberto Matos
political ally of Fidel, criticized him for lack of elections. He was in the air force before the revolution. After revolution he was inc charge of air force and felt the Communist had too much power over castro
Zafra
3 month harvest period
Paladares
privately owned enterprises in the reopening of Cuba
Llega y Pon
come and settle. communities that were called slums: where workers go during the tiempo muerto.
Jose Marti
involved in the 10 year war of 1868-78. calling for cuban independence of spain. killed in 1895. Revolutionaries in the caribbean looked to him.
Paredon
assume position against the wall because you will get shot. executed
Ley Fuga
he right to punish rebels/terrorists
Bateyes
modest urban settlements owned by Mills.(for the workers during he off season)
Frank Pais
Cuban revolutionary against Batista. one of the leaders of the urban guerrilla movement workmen directly with Castro. Son of Protestant Minister
Centrales
means the sugar mill. The sugar mill and the company owned land with it.
New Man
Che’s ideal vision of workers. they only need moral incentives.they will work selflessly.
Pistoleros
unman. part of the ABC ( a secret organization that opposed Batista, planned the cemetery bombing , assassinated the president of the senate). ABC is a subset of the Student Directory
4 goals of the revolution
- improve nutrition
- give housing
- healthcare
- get rid of illiteracy
4 trends that emerge in 1960
- nationalization of the economy
- move towards the soviet bloc
- establishment of authoritarian regime
- egalitarian socioeconomic policy
