METHODS USED TO ESTABLISH AUTHORITARIAN STATES

Question 1

How was ideology used to to establish an authoritarian state in China?

Answer 1

• Mao learned about marxism at the Beijing University, and sought to create a marxist society.
• However, it asserted that the class revolution would only come from the proletariats, and he and Chen Dixiu thought otherwise in that the peasants were the ones who could provoke this class revolution due to their demographic
• This was in spite of the marxist theory. With this he introduced his own ideology: Maoism in which the peasant were to motivate the class equality

Question 2

Which events depict the use of force to create an authoritarian state?

Answer 2

1. The Yan’an Rectification Movement
2. The Futian Incident
3. The Agrarian policies

Question 3

What was the Yan’an Rectification Movement?

Answer 3

• it was Mao’s first act of coercion to force Mao’s ideologies
• it happened during the Yan’an period 1936 => 1949
• People who were found disloyal would go on trial and confess crimes

Question 4

What was the Futian Incident (1930) and how many were affected?

Answer 4

• Mao ordered the arrest and torture of members of the Red Army suspected of being GMD agents or supporters
• Those who were killed, tortured, or arrested vary between 10 000 to 70 000

Question 5

What were the Agrarian Policies and whom did these affect?

Answer 5

• Mao confiscated and distributed land of the Landlords and rich peasants to the poorer peasants
• it was implemented between 1928 and 1949 and was done with extreme violence

Question 6

What does Tim Woffenden Observe about the Agrarian Policies?

Answer 6

He observes that “at times, the exploited peasants did not wait for official instructions and violence and murder were widespread”

Question 7

How was propaganda used to establish an authoritarian state in China?

Answer 7

1. Through the red army policies
2. Through Mao’s peasant Policies

Question 8

How were the red-army policies used for propaganda?

Answer 8

• Mao perpetuated rules that would guide the Red Army and how they interacted with the civilians
• This convinced the people that the CCP were more civilised and cared more about the Chinese people unlike the GMD troops who vandalised and disrespected civilians

Question 9

How were Mao’s peasant policies used for propaganda?

Answer 9

• His policies were related to improving the lives of peasants

-Their membership in the party therefore grew exponentially from 1937 - 1945