FACTORS THAT LED TO AUTHORITARIAN STATES

Question 1

Provide examples of economic factors that led to the emergence of authoritarian state In China.

Answer 1

1. Hyperinflation
2. Introduction of unpopular policies by GMD

Question 2

Explain how hyperinflation in China led to the emergence of an authoritarian state.

Answer 2

• Due to poverty the GMD attempted to solve this issue by increased money circulation
• This resulted in hyperinflation with cost of living index rising from 100 in 1937 to 287, 700, 700 in 1948
• This was a weakness of the GMD, which the CCP would exploit with the peasants living in poverty

Question 3

Explain how unpopular policies led to authoritarian state in China.

Answer 3

• Increased taxes and nationalisation of private banks made the civilians bitter as this exploited them financially with poverty added on top

Question 4

Provide example (s) of social divisions that led to the emergence of authoritarian state in China.

Answer 4

Economic disparity between the peasants and the landlords

Question 5

Explain how economic disparity between the peasants and landlords led to authoritarian state.

Answer 5

• The peasants made a larger demographic, but they were poor and the landlords exploited them making them susceptible to Mao’s exploitation of this poverty

Question 6

Provide examples of weaknesses of political system that led to authoritarian state in China.

Answer 6

• Under the GMD, another country, Japanese, was able to create a puppet state
• General Yuan Shikai who was handed power to gave in to Japanese Demands in the 21 demands of Japan

Question 7

How did the case of China under the GMD with Japanese being able to create a puppet state in Manchuria in 1931 lead to the emergence of authoritarian state?

Answer 7

• This event highlighted the weakness of the GMD and problems with the government, thus invalidating the GMD to the Chinese population

Question 8

How did the caving in of General Yuan Shikai to the 21 demands of Japanese, that gave control of country to the Japanese, lead to the emergence of an authoritarian state?

Answer 8

• The weaknesses of this government would lead the CCP and GMD to form a United Front in 1924 in order to create a stronger state from the Warlords who had power at the time

Question 9

Provide examples of impact of war that led to the emergence of authoritarian state in China.

Answer 9

1. The sino-Japanese War
2. Civil War

Question 10

How did the sino-Japanese War lead to the emergence of an authoritarian state in China?

Answer 10

1. it highlighted the weaknesses of the GMD as they were unable to prevent atrocities such as the Nanking massacre by the Japanese in 1937
2. The Japanese’s advance led to the take over of cities such as Shanghai and Guangzhou - weakness of GMD
3. The involvement of the CCP in the second United Front in 1937 helped fight the Japanese, hence validating Mao as a good war strategist with the use of guerrilla warfare

Question 11

How did the Civil war lead to the emergence of an authoritarian state in China?

Answer 11

• This war begun after WWII in 1945
• Guerrilla warfare tactics were used to beat the GMD
• In 1948 the GMD were driven out of Manchuria and Guangzhou captures in 1949 with Mao on October that year declaring the PRC.