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sociology > Methods: research process > Flashcards

Methods: research process Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Reliability

A

When research can be repeated in the exact same way, because the procedure is standardised. Correlations can be discovered as the results are comparable.

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2
Q

Positive sociologists

A

They argue, sociology can and should we replicate the natural sciences.

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3
Q

Objective

A

factual based research, no judgment/ interpretations are involved

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4
Q

Validity

A

When research reveals the true picture of what is being studied. it was allow for verstenn (having an empathetic understanding of the actions form the actors point of view)

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5
Q

Interprevist sociologists

A

They argue sociology cannot and should not try to replicate the natural sciences

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6
Q

Sample

A

A smaller sub-group drawn from a target group.
When you chose a sample, it’s called sampling

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7
Q

Target population

A

A group of individuals a researcher wants to study

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8
Q

Sampling frame

A

A list of all the member of the population the researcher is interested in studying

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9
Q

Representativeness

A

When the sample reflects the social characteristics of the target population

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10
Q

Generalist

A

When the data collected from a sample can be applied correctly to the target population

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11
Q

Over represent

A

When you use too many of the same people

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12
Q

Probability sampling

A

•Use a sampling frame
•Most are represented. as they reflect the population
•Everyone has the same chance of being selected

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13
Q

Non-probability sampling

A

•May not be a sampling frame to use
•Some target population are difficult to access
•Not representative

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14
Q

stratified sampling

A

The target population is divided into categories to complete the sampling process

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15
Q

Snowball sampling

A

When one participants recruit others from the same target population

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16
Q

7 steps of researching a topic

A

1) select a topic
2) literature review
3) create a research questions
4) acres a sample
5) collect data using a method
6) analyse data
7) present findings

17
Q

Qualitative data

A

-people’s real opinions (documents)
-a lot of detail (interviews)
-detailed notes

18
Q

Quantitative

A

Statistic

19
Q

Strengths and limitations of qualitative

A

Strengths: Collect more descriptive data
limitations: Can’t see clear trends, time consuming

20
Q

Strengths and limitations of quantitative

A

Strengths: can see trends
limitations: don’t get opinions

21
Q

Pilot study

A

a small trial to test a particular research method before using it in a real investigation

22
Q

Operationalisation

A

To change something from being subjective, to objective (only being able to interpret something one way)

23
Q

Why operationalisation?

A

So everyone has the same understanding
Identity trends and patterns

24
Q

Standardised

A

All the same

25
Q

Why use pilot study??

A

To be in a safe environment, and to check it works and correct errors
This saves money

26
Q

Random sampling

A

Every sampling unit has an equal chance of being chosen

27
Q

Systematic sampling

A

A method is divides to enable systematic selection (pulling a name out the hat)

28
Q

Stratified sampling

A

Population is divided into groups according to important variables (gender) the chosen in the same proportions as their prevalence in the population

29
Q

Quota sampling

A

Determine how many people which specific characteristics are studied
Once quota is filled no more people in that category are included

30
Q

Strengths and limitations of quantitative

A

Strengths: can see trends
limitations: don’t get opinions

31
Q

Opportunity sampling

A

When the researcher selects participants based on their availability

32
Q

Generalisability

A

The extent to which the findings of a study can be applied to other situations

33
Q

Representatives

A

When sample mirrors a researchers target population and reflects its characteristics

34
Q

Response rate

A

the number of people who answered the survey divided by the number of people in the sample

35
Q

Validity

A

how far the research can provide a true picture of what is being studied

36
Q

Reliability

A

Research that can be repeated because is had been standardised

37
Q

Practical

A

Strengths or limitations relating to time, money and logistics of a research study

38
Q

Ethical

A

Strengths or limitations relating to consent, protecting from harm and right to withdraw regarding the participants, the research and wider society

39
Q

Theoretical

A

The framework that’s informs how a sociologist selects their favourite topic of study. Different types of data are favoured by different perspectives because of various reasons

sociology (11 decks)

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