METHODS - Questionnaires Flashcards
What are Self-Report methods?
A method involving the collection of data from participants in their own work and/or activities directly completed by them.
What do Self-Report methods include?
3
Questionnaires, interviews & diaries.
Who favours questionnaires?
Positivists
Questionnaires can be ________ or _______ methods.
They generate ____ amounts of data very _____.
a) qualitative
b) quantitative
c) large
d) quickly
What are common examples of questionnaires?
The National Consensus or Crime Survey for England and Wales
What is operationalisation?
Making items that are scientifically valid.
Should questionnaires be operationalised?
Yes
Questions within questionnaires must be completely _____ so we can be sure they’re _______ only what you _____ and only have one _______.
a) clear
b) answering
c) want
d) interpretation
Types of questions
What are the two types of questions?
Open and closed.
Types of questions
Describe closed questions.
Respondents are given a restricted range of options.
Types of questions
Explain the ADVANTAGES of CLOSED questions.
3
Makes it easy to produce statistical data and to analyse answers.
Favoured by positivists - they see the answers as social facts.
Good for testing existing theories and producing reliable data that can be checked.
Types of questions
Explain the DISADVANTAGES of CLOSED questions.
3
Respondents can’t clarify concepts or qualify views.
Poor for collecting information about feelings, meanings or motives.
Not favoured by interpretivists.
Types of questions
Describe open questions.
Respondents can answer whatever they choose.
Types of questions
Explain the ADVANTAGES of OPEN questions.
2
Produces more in-depth data and is better for discovering complex feelings, meanings or motives.
It is preferred by interpretivists.
Types of questions
Explain the DISADVANTAGES of OPEN questions.
3
Answers need to be interpreted to understand the data, making it less objective.
Difficult and time-consuming to produce statistical data from the results.
Less favoured by positivists.
Methods of administering the questionnaire.
What are the different ways of administering the questionnaire?
4
Face-to-face
Telephone
Postal
Internet
Methods of administering the questionnaire.
What are the ADVANTAGES of FACE-TO-FACE administration?
2
High response rate
Can clarify questions
Methods of administering the questionnaire.
What are the DISADVANTAGES of FACE-TO-FACE administration?
2
Interviewer may influence responses (interviewer bias)
Time-consuming and therefore potentially expensive.
Methods of administering the questionnaire.
What are the DISADVANTAGES of TELEPHONE administration?
3
Low response rate
Limited to those with telephones
Respondents may be influenced by voice of interviewer.
Methods of administering the questionnaire.
What are the ADVANTAGES of POSTAL administration?
2
Cheap
Easy to access a geographically dispersed sample
Methods of administering the questionnaire.
What are the DISADVANTAGES of POSTAL administration?
2
Low response rate
Those responding may be atypical of whole population.
Methods of administering the questionnaire.
What are the ADVANTAGES of INTERNET administration?
2
Inexpensive
Quick to send to a widely dispersed sample.
Methods of administering the questionnaire.
What are the DISADVANTAGES of INTERNET administration?
2
Low response rate
Limited to those with internet access
