Methods Of Separation

Question 1

Filtration

Answer 1

Separates an insoluble solid from a solution

Question 2

Crystallisation

Answer 2

Separates a soluble solid from a solution

1: pour solution in to evaporating dish
2: Slowly heat solution - stop heating when crystals form
3: Remove from heat and leave in a warm place - solvent evaporates
4: Use a drying oven to dry products

• large crystals will form

Question 3

Chromatography

Answer 3

Separates dyes

• different dyes move up the paper at different rates
• distance dye travels up paper depends on solvent and paper used

Question 4

Distillation

Answer 4

Separates a liquid from a solution

1: Solution is heated - part with lowest boiling point evaporates
2: Vapour is cooled, condenses and collected
3: Rest of solution is left in a flask

• you can only separate things with very different boiling points

Question 5

Fractional Distillation

Answer 5

Separates a mixture of liquids

1: put mixture in a flask with a fractional column on top
2: apply heat
3: liquid with lowest boiling point evaporates first
4: when temperature matches boiling point liquid reaches top of column
5: when first liquid has been collected, raise the temperature until the next liquid reaches the top of the column