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Methods II Block 6 > Methods Of IOP Measurement > Flashcards

Methods Of IOP Measurement Flashcards

1
Q

What are things to take action for when measuring IOP?

A

Very low IOP
Acute elevation of IOP
Chronic elevation of IOP

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2
Q

Why do we measure IOP

A
  • vital component of ocular examination
  • no ideal clinical method of measurement
  • IOP readings should always be interpreted with caution and within larger clinical context
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3
Q

Purpose of tonometry

A

Estimate the IOP

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4
Q

Indications of IOP

A
  • an essential component of comprehensive eye exam
  • assess efficacy of glaucoma therapy
  • differential diagnosis of the acute red eye
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5
Q

Methods of measuring IOP

A
  • manometry
  • transpalpebral
  • tonometry
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6
Q

What is the only direct method of measuring IOP

A

Manometry

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7
Q

Trans palpebral methods of measuring IOP

A

Pressure phosphene, diaton

On top of your eye

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8
Q

Indentation tonometry

A

Shiotz

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9
Q

Applanation tonometry

A

Goldman, or non contact air puff (NCT)

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10
Q

Which type of tonometry is not portable

A

Pascal dynamic contour

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11
Q

Different types of tonometry

A
  • indentation (shiotz)
  • applanation (Goldman, NCT)
  • contour-matching (pascal dynamic contour)
  • rebound (iCare)
  • combination methods (tonopen)
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12
Q

What kind of IOP measurement is manometry

A

Direct

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13
Q

It is believed that the onset of the __________ is correlated to IOP

A

Pressure phosphene

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14
Q

Pressure phosphene tonometry

A

What kind of IOP method is tran palpebral

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15
Q

Why is pressure phosphene tonometry good

A

Simple to use, inexpensive, no anesthetic, non-corneal.

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16
Q

How is the patient positioned in Diaton tonometer

A

Patient supine and eyes in downward gaze

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17
Q

Diaton tonometer and CCT

A

Not affected by it

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18
Q

What does indentation tonometry do

A

Indentation of the cornea resulting from a given weight

19
Q

For shiotz tonometry, the lower the IOP..

A

The farther into the cornea the plunger sinks.

Patient is anesthetize

20
Q

When is shiotz tonomtry preformed?

A

Not usually performed clinically

21
Q

Advantages of shiotz tonometry

A
  • small and transportable
  • inexpensive
  • no electricity
  • easy to clean
22
Q

What is shiotz tonometry reading affected by

A

Cornea-scleral rigidity

23
Q

What position does patient need to be in to get schiotz tonometry

24
Q

What only flattens a small portion of the cornea and has better accuracy than indentation

A

Applanation

25
Examples of applanation tonometry
NCT and GAT
26
How many readings should be taken for NCT
A minimum of 3 reliable readings should be taken and averaged
27
Value of NCT
- does not touch eye - inaccurate in patients with irregular corneas - only 3 cases of corneal perforation by NCT - expensive - not easily portable
28
Low CH associated with
Presence of glaucoma increased risk of VF progression
29
What are the two types of contact in applanation tonometry
- fixed force tonometers | - fixed area tonometers (GAT)
30
What is the most accurate method of IOP measurement
Goldman Tonometry
31
What does GAT have to have?
Slit lamp
32
CCT and GAT
Thick and thin corneas make it inaccurate as well as corneal edema, or scarring
33
Astigmatism and GAT
Difficult or impossible with irregular astigmatism
34
Who should not have GAT
Patients with active infection and abrasiona
35
What is like a hand held GAT
Perkins applanation tonometry
36
What type of tonometry is designed to be less affected by corneal properties
Contour matching tonometry
37
What is important in terms of tonometry in post LASIK and corneal disease pts
Contour matching tonometry
38
Ballistic devices tear measure the retina bounce of an object after impacting the eye
Rebound tonometry (iCare)
39
Perks of rebound tonomtry
- no anesthetic required - unreliable readings are flagged by instrument and discarded - disposable tip prevents transmission of infection
40
Measure the force required to indent the globe
Indentation
41
Measure the force required to flatten the globe
Applanation
42
Combination indentation applanation
Has both
43
Clinical value of tonopen tonometer
Can be performed over soft CL
44
Used to measure changes in the curvature of the cornea or movement of the apical corneal interface
OCT device. This deflection can be compared to the pressure measured around the eye and corrected for corneal thickness and potentially, corneal hysteresis

Methods II Block 6 (8 decks)

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