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Methods II Block 6 > Methods Of IOP Measurement > Flashcards

Methods Of IOP Measurement Flashcards

1
Q

What are things to take action for when measuring IOP?

A

Very low IOP
Acute elevation of IOP
Chronic elevation of IOP

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2
Q

Why do we measure IOP

A
  • vital component of ocular examination
  • no ideal clinical method of measurement
  • IOP readings should always be interpreted with caution and within larger clinical context
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3
Q

Purpose of tonometry

A

Estimate the IOP

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4
Q

Indications of IOP

A
  • an essential component of comprehensive eye exam
  • assess efficacy of glaucoma therapy
  • differential diagnosis of the acute red eye
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5
Q

Methods of measuring IOP

A
  • manometry
  • transpalpebral
  • tonometry
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6
Q

What is the only direct method of measuring IOP

A

Manometry

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7
Q

Trans palpebral methods of measuring IOP

A

Pressure phosphene, diaton

On top of your eye

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8
Q

Indentation tonometry

A

Shiotz

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9
Q

Applanation tonometry

A

Goldman, or non contact air puff (NCT)

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10
Q

Which type of tonometry is not portable

A

Pascal dynamic contour

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11
Q

Different types of tonometry

A
  • indentation (shiotz)
  • applanation (Goldman, NCT)
  • contour-matching (pascal dynamic contour)
  • rebound (iCare)
  • combination methods (tonopen)
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12
Q

What kind of IOP measurement is manometry

A

Direct

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13
Q

It is believed that the onset of the __________ is correlated to IOP

A

Pressure phosphene

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14
Q

Pressure phosphene tonometry

A

What kind of IOP method is tran palpebral

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15
Q

Why is pressure phosphene tonometry good

A

Simple to use, inexpensive, no anesthetic, non-corneal.

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16
Q

How is the patient positioned in Diaton tonometer

A

Patient supine and eyes in downward gaze

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17
Q

Diaton tonometer and CCT

A

Not affected by it

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18
Q

What does indentation tonometry do

A

Indentation of the cornea resulting from a given weight

19
Q

For shiotz tonometry, the lower the IOP..

A

The farther into the cornea the plunger sinks.

Patient is anesthetize

20
Q

When is shiotz tonomtry preformed?

A

Not usually performed clinically

21
Q

Advantages of shiotz tonometry

A
  • small and transportable
  • inexpensive
  • no electricity
  • easy to clean
22
Q

What is shiotz tonometry reading affected by

A

Cornea-scleral rigidity

23
Q

What position does patient need to be in to get schiotz tonometry

A

Supine

24
Q

What only flattens a small portion of the cornea and has better accuracy than indentation

A

Applanation

25
Q

Examples of applanation tonometry

A

NCT and GAT

26
Q

How many readings should be taken for NCT

A

A minimum of 3 reliable readings should be taken and averaged

27
Q

Value of NCT

A
  • does not touch eye
  • inaccurate in patients with irregular corneas
  • only 3 cases of corneal perforation by NCT
  • expensive
  • not easily portable
28
Q

Low CH associated with

A

Presence of glaucoma increased risk of VF progression

29
Q

What are the two types of contact in applanation tonometry

A
  • fixed force tonometers

- fixed area tonometers (GAT)

30
Q

What is the most accurate method of IOP measurement

A

Goldman Tonometry

31
Q

What does GAT have to have?

A

Slit lamp

32
Q

CCT and GAT

A

Thick and thin corneas make it inaccurate as well as corneal edema, or scarring

33
Q

Astigmatism and GAT

A

Difficult or impossible with irregular astigmatism

34
Q

Who should not have GAT

A

Patients with active infection and abrasiona

35
Q

What is like a hand held GAT

A

Perkins applanation tonometry

36
Q

What type of tonometry is designed to be less affected by corneal properties

A

Contour matching tonometry

37
Q

What is important in terms of tonometry in post LASIK and corneal disease pts

A

Contour matching tonometry

38
Q

Ballistic devices tear measure the retina bounce of an object after impacting the eye

A

Rebound tonometry (iCare)

39
Q

Perks of rebound tonomtry

A
  • no anesthetic required
  • unreliable readings are flagged by instrument and discarded
  • disposable tip prevents transmission of infection
40
Q

Measure the force required to indent the globe

A

Indentation

41
Q

Measure the force required to flatten the globe

A

Applanation

42
Q

Combination indentation applanation

A

Has both

43
Q

Clinical value of tonopen tonometer

A

Can be performed over soft CL

44
Q

Used to measure changes in the curvature of the cornea or movement of the apical corneal interface

A

OCT device.

This deflection can be compared to the pressure measured around the eye and corrected for corneal thickness and potentially, corneal hysteresis

Methods II Block 6 (8 decks)

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