methods of crime prevention

Question 1

right realism - situational prevention

Answer 1

aims to make crime harder to commit
- target hardening: window locks, CCTV, security guards
- designing out: reduce fear of crime and vulnerability

Question 2

rational choice theory

Answer 2

crime is opportunistic
- take away opportunity = no crime

Question 3

environmental prevention

Answer 3

formal and informal control
- broken window theory: criminal areas attract more criminals
- zero tolerance policy: police enforce laws and pay attention to minor activity (Liverpool 2005-2008 crime fell 38%)
- ASBOS: antisocial behaviour - minor deviant acts - go to prison for breaking ASBOS

Question 4

left realism: social and community prevention

Answer 4

individuals and social context encouraging crime
identify individuals high risk of crime and intervening
- counselling, meetings
- longitudinal study - emphasise risk factors
troubled family initiative - 2015 helped over 120,000 families

Question 5

postmodernism: private crime prevention

Answer 5

• private security firms
• control of private but public places - shopping centres

Question 6

localised and community based prevention

Answer 6

• policing more localised
• community based policing
• designed to reflect fragmented society and diversity - ethnicity and gender

Question 7

surveillance

Answer 7

• foucault 1991: constant surveillance does not guarantee improvement
• disciplinary power: control through surveillance - change behaviour bc being watched
  PANOPTICON PRISON
  surveillance controls everyone

Question 8

evaluation - see poster