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Chemistry GCSE > Metals (chemical changes) > Flashcards

Metals (chemical changes) Flashcards

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1
Q

Mnemonic for reactivity series:

A

Potassium - Please
Sodium - Send
Lithium - Lions
Calcium - Cats
Magnesium -Monkeys
Aluminium - And
Carbon - Cute
Zinc - Zebras
Iron - Into
Hydrogen - Hot
Copper - Countries
Silver - Signed
Gold - Gordon
Potassium

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2
Q

Which metals react with water giving a fizz, giving of hydrogen, leaving an alkaline solution of a metal hydroxide?

A

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium

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3
Q

Which metals react with steam, giving off hydrogen and forming the metal oxide?

A

Magnesium
Aluminium
Carbon
Zinc
Iron

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4
Q

Which metals have a slight reaction with steam?

A

Tin
Lead

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5
Q

Which metals have no reaction even with steam?

A

Copper
Silver
Gold
Platinium

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6
Q

Which metals explode in a dilute acid?

A

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium

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7
Q

Which metals fizz, give off hydrogen and form a salt in a dilute acid?

A

Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron

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8
Q

Which metals react slowly in a warm acid?

A

Tin
Lead

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9
Q

Which metals have no reaction in dilute acid?

A

Copper
Silver
Gold
Platinium

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10
Q

How does potassium, sodium, lithium and calcium react in water?

A

Fizz, gives off hydrogen, leaves alkaline solution of metal hydroxide

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11
Q

How does potassium, sodium and lithium react in a dilute acid?

A

Explode

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12
Q

How does magnesium, aluminium, zinc and iron react in water?

A

Reacts with steam, gives off hydrogen, forms metal oxide

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13
Q

How does calcium, magnesium, zinc and iron react in a dilute acid?

A

Fizz, gives of hydrogen, forms a salt

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14
Q

How does tin and lead react in water?

A

Slight reaction with steam

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15
Q

How does tin and lead react in a warm acid?

A

React slowly

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16
Q

How does copper, silver, gold and platinum react in water?

A

No reaction even with steam

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17
Q

How does copper, silver, gold and platinum react in a dilute acid?

A

No reaction

18
Q

What can metals above hydrogen do?

A

Displace hydrogen from an acid

19
Q

What can happen to metals below carbon?

A

Carbon can reduce oxides of metals

20
Q

What is OILRIG?

A

Oxidation
Is
Loss
Reduction
Is
Gain

21
Q

What is a metal ore?

A

A rock containing enough of a metal or metal containing compound to make the extraction of the metal from it economically viable

22
Q

What is the order of extraction for most metals?

A

Mining
Concentration
Reduction
Purification

23
Q

What method is used to extract metals above carbon in the reactivity series?

A

Electrolysis

24
Q

What method is used to extract methods below carbon in the reactivity series?

A

Heating metal oxide with carbon, metal and an oxide of carbon are produced

25
Q

What does the extraction of iron ore use?

A

A blast furnace

26
Q

How can copper be extracted?

A

In electrolysis of solutions of copper compounds (purifies impure copper)
Displacement using scrap iron

27
Q

What is bio-leaching?

A

Bacteria acting upon an ore to release metal compounds into solution

28
Q

What is phyto mining?

A

Plants are used to remove metal from a low grade ore. Plants are burnt to give an ash that contains a high proportion of metal compound.

29
Q

What is rust?

A

Corrosion of iron
Iron (III) oxide - Fe2O3

30
Q

What is the word equation of rust?

A

Iron + oxygen + water —> hydrated iron (III) oxide

31
Q

What is needed for rust and what is a catalyst for rust?

A

Water + Oxygen
Common salt (sodium chloride)

32
Q

What are some barrier methods to prevent rusting?

A

Paint, oil/grease, plastic + galvanising iron

33
Q

What is sacrificial protection?

A

Protects against rusting as iron is attached to a more reactive metal even when exposed to air + water

34
Q

What is an alloy?

A

A mixture of a metal with one or more metals/substances

35
Q

What is corrosion?

A

Destruction of materials by reaction of water and/ or oxygen

36
Q

Why are alloys harder than pure metals?

A

Layers are distorted by differently sized atoms in an alloy

37
Q

Why is pure iron often not used as an alloy?

A

Too soft

38
Q

Properties of a high carbon steel:

A

Very hard, brittle

39
Q

Properties of low carbon steel:

A

Softer, easily shaped

40
Q

Property of stainless steel:

A

Resistant to corrosion

Chemistry GCSE (7 decks)

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