Metals (chemical changes)

Question 1

Mnemonic for reactivity series:

Answer 1

Potassium - Please
Sodium - Send
Lithium - Lions
Calcium - Cats
Magnesium -Monkeys
Aluminium - And
Carbon - Cute
Zinc - Zebras
Iron - Into
Hydrogen - Hot
Copper - Countries
Silver - Signed
Gold - Gordon
Potassium

Question 2

Which metals react with water giving a fizz, giving of hydrogen, leaving an alkaline solution of a metal hydroxide?

Answer 2

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium

Question 3

Which metals react with steam, giving off hydrogen and forming the metal oxide?

Answer 3

Magnesium
Aluminium
Carbon
Zinc
Iron

Question 4

Which metals have a slight reaction with steam?

Answer 4

Tin
Lead

Question 5

Which metals have no reaction even with steam?

Answer 5

Copper
Silver
Gold
Platinium

Question 6

Which metals explode in a dilute acid?

Answer 6

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium

Question 7

Which metals fizz, give off hydrogen and form a salt in a dilute acid?

Answer 7

Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron

Question 8

Which metals react slowly in a warm acid?

Answer 8

Tin
Lead

Question 9

Which metals have no reaction in dilute acid?

Answer 9

Copper
Silver
Gold
Platinium

Question 10

How does potassium, sodium, lithium and calcium react in water?

Answer 10

Fizz, gives off hydrogen, leaves alkaline solution of metal hydroxide

Question 11

How does potassium, sodium and lithium react in a dilute acid?

Answer 11

Explode

Question 12

How does magnesium, aluminium, zinc and iron react in water?

Answer 12

Reacts with steam, gives off hydrogen, forms metal oxide

Question 13

How does calcium, magnesium, zinc and iron react in a dilute acid?

Answer 13

Fizz, gives of hydrogen, forms a salt

Question 14

How does tin and lead react in water?

Answer 14

Slight reaction with steam

Question 15

How does tin and lead react in a warm acid?

Answer 15

React slowly

Question 16

How does copper, silver, gold and platinum react in water?

Answer 16

No reaction even with steam

Question 17

How does copper, silver, gold and platinum react in a dilute acid?

Answer 17

No reaction

Question 18

What can metals above hydrogen do?

Answer 18

Displace hydrogen from an acid

Question 19

What can happen to metals below carbon?

Answer 19

Carbon can reduce oxides of metals

Question 20

What is OILRIG?

Answer 20

Oxidation
Is
Loss
Reduction
Is
Gain

Question 21

What is a metal ore?

Answer 21

A rock containing enough of a metal or metal containing compound to make the extraction of the metal from it economically viable

Question 22

What is the order of extraction for most metals?

Answer 22

Mining
Concentration
Reduction
Purification

Question 23

What method is used to extract metals above carbon in the reactivity series?

Answer 23

Electrolysis

Question 24

What method is used to extract methods below carbon in the reactivity series?

Answer 24

Heating metal oxide with carbon, metal and an oxide of carbon are produced

Question 25

What does the extraction of iron ore use?

Answer 25

A blast furnace

Question 26

How can copper be extracted?

Answer 26

In electrolysis of solutions of copper compounds (purifies impure copper) Displacement using scrap iron

Question 27

What is bio-leaching?

Answer 27

Bacteria acting upon an ore to release metal compounds into solution

Question 28

What is phyto mining?

Answer 28

Plants are used to remove metal from a low grade ore. Plants are burnt to give an ash that contains a high proportion of metal compound.

Question 29

What is rust?

Answer 29

Corrosion of iron Iron (III) oxide - Fe2O3

Question 30

What is the word equation of rust?

Answer 30

Iron + oxygen + water ---> hydrated iron (III) oxide

Question 31

What is needed for rust and what is a catalyst for rust?

Answer 31

Water + Oxygen Common salt (sodium chloride)

Question 32

What are some barrier methods to prevent rusting?

Answer 32

Paint, oil/grease, plastic + galvanising iron

Question 33

What is sacrificial protection?

Answer 33

Protects against rusting as iron is attached to a more reactive metal even when exposed to air + water

Question 34

What is an alloy?

Answer 34

A mixture of a metal with one or more metals/substances

Question 35

What is corrosion?

Answer 35

Destruction of materials by reaction of water and/ or oxygen

Question 36

Why are alloys harder than pure metals?

Answer 36

Layers are distorted by differently sized atoms in an alloy

Question 37

Why is pure iron often not used as an alloy?

Answer 37

Too soft

Question 38

Properties of a high carbon steel:

Answer 38

Very hard, brittle

Question 39

Properties of low carbon steel:

Answer 39

Softer, easily shaped

Question 40

Property of stainless steel:

Answer 40

Resistant to corrosion