Metals And Reactions Target Sheet

Question 1

Names and proportions of gases in the air

Answer 1

Nitrogen=78%
Oxygen=21%
Other gases(CO2, Argon, Helium, hydrogen.

Question 2

Name of the gas in the air that reacts with metals mostly

Answer 2

Metals react with air in a form called oxidizing. This is caused because the oxygen molecules are reacting with the surface of the metal.

Question 3

Some metals are unreactive in air

Answer 3

Because they are so unreactive they don’t corrode easily. Copper, palladium, silver, platinum, and gold

Question 4

Commonly quoted properties of materials

Answer 4

Density, mass, flexibility, conductivity, malleable, high melting point/low melting point, shiny/dull, color, smooth/rough, hardness…

Question 5

Difference between physical property and chemical property

Answer 5

That a physical property is measured and quoted with a number without changing it, and a chemical property can only be observed by changing the chemical identity of the element

Question 6

A property can be measured and is quoted with a unit

Answer 6

Physical properties can be measured, such as mass(kg), volume(l) … Can also be measured the melting point(degrees C)

Question 7

Carry out an experiment to make and collect oxygen gas

Answer 7

To make oxygen in the laboratory, hydrogen peroxide is poured into a conical flask containing some manganese oxide. The gas produced is collected in an upside-down gas jar filled with water. As the oxygen collects in the top of the gas jar, it pushes the water out.

Question 8

Know that the element oxygen is a molecule, made of two molecules

Answer 8

Yes, is called diatomic, pairs of molecules

Question 9

Which conditions are better to produce rust

Answer 9

The process gets more fast by adding salt water=air particles near sea
Adding an acid

Question 10

State that rust is iron oxide

Answer 10

Steel=iron+carbon
Rusting=iron+oxygen
Oxygen reacts with iron and makes it rusty

Question 11

Word equations for the reaction of metals with oxygen

Answer 11

Metal+Oxygen=Metal Oxide

Question 12

Metal+water

Answer 12

Metal hydroxide

Question 13

Metal+acid=

Answer 13

Salt+hydrogen

Question 14

Metal oxide+acid=

Answer 14

salt+water

Question 15

Metal carbonate+acid=

Answer 15

Salt+carbon dioxide+water

Question 16

Names and formulas of laboratory acids

Answer 16

Nitric acid=HNO3
Sulphuric acid=H2SO4
Hydrochloric acid=HCl

Question 17

Test for oxygen

Answer 17

glowing splint and place it in a sample of gas, if it re-relight/re-ignites the gas is oxygen

Question 18

How to test hydrogen safely

Answer 18

Put a lighted splint into a test tube and the lighted splint would make an squeaky pop

Question 19

Factors that affect the reaction of a metal with an acid

Answer 19

Depending if you put nitric, sulphuric and hydrochloric acid the salt of the reaction will be different=concentration
Temperature
Surface area of a solid reactant:when you brake a solid in pieces there is more surface area because the sides that have just been broken also react with the acid

Question 20

Names of some metal oxides

Answer 20

Any metal oxide:
Magnesium oxide
Copper oxide 
Aluminum oxide 
Potassium oxide

Question 21

Prepare a copper sulphate from a metal oxide and acid

Answer 21

Copper oxide+sulphuric acid=copper sulfate+water

Question 22

How to place in order of reactivity

Answer 22

Potassium 
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminum
Carbon
Zinc 
Iron 
Lead
Copper
Silver
Gold

Question 23

State what a displacement reaction is

Answer 23

Is when a more reactive element is replaced by another one

Question 24

What happens to the mass of the chemicals in a reaction?

Answer 24

When there is a gas reaction and the conical flask isn’t with a rubber bung the gas scapes with particles of the chemicals so there is less mass

Question 25

Know some examples of hydrocarbon fuels

Answer 25

Oil
Coal
Fossil fuel 
Wax
Wood

Question 26

Which compounds are formed when hydrocarbons burn?

Answer 26

Carbon dioxide + water

Question 27

How extraction and discovery of metals link to the discovery of metals links to their reactivity?

Answer 27

• Metals above carbon must be extracted using electrolysis
• Metals below carbon must be extracted using carbon coke on charcoal
• Gold and silver, often don’t need to be extracted, the occur native

Question 28

Stats that rust has poorer physical properties than iron

Answer 28

Because it gets weaker, loses its properties=metal fatigue

Question 29

Describe and explain some uses of lasers and optical fibers

Answer 29

Optical fibers: endoscope

Lasers:surgery-concentrates light energy in a point

Question 30

Explain why mass seems to be lost and some gained in some reactions

Answer 30

Mass seems to be lost when reacts with a gas in a conical flask which doesn’t has a rubber bung at the top, so the gas scapes with molecules of the chemical
Mass seems to be gained when it reacts with oxygen in a conical flask without rubber bung, so Oxygen enters the conical flask