Healthy living

Question 1

Which are the functions of the skeleton?

Answer 1

To support the body
To protect some of the vital organs of the body
To help the body move
To make blood cells

Question 2

Name the most important bones in the body

Answer 2

Fibula, tibia, femur, radius, ulna, humerus, scapula, clavicle, skull (cranium), phalanges, ribs and sternum

Question 3

Know the names of some importantes joints

Answer 3

Hip
Elbow
Shoulder
Knee

Question 4

Know which are the different types of joints and describe them

Answer 4

Ball socket joint➡️synovial joint. Ball-shaped surface of one rounded bone fits into the cup-like depression of another bone.
Hinge joint➡️synovial joint. A hinge joint is a common class of synovial joint that includes the ankle, elbow, and knee joints. Hinge joints are formed between two or more bones where the bones can only move along one axis to flex or extend.

Question 5

Know which are the different types of joints and describe them

Answer 5

Immovable: can’t move=skull
Slightly movible: moves in some axes=elbow
Freely movible: can move to any direction=shoulder

Question 6

What do cartilage, tendons and ligaments do?

Answer 6

Cartilage: reduces friction
Tendons: join bone and a muscle
Ligament: joint two bones

Question 7

What does antagonistic is?

Answer 7

Two muscles which are next to each other and they act the opposite, when one contracts ( fatter and shorter ) the other relaxes ( thinner and larger )
An example would be the biceps and triceps

Question 8

How to safely, carry out a chicken dissection

Answer 8

Wear safety glasses
Wash your hands after the experiment
Put alcohol on the table where the experiment has been done
To don’t cut yours le with the scalpel just lean your finger nail on it
Don’t put your fingers in your mouth or eyes, the skin chicken can have salmonela

Question 9

What means to be fit?

Answer 9

Being fit ultimately refers to your own optimal health and overall well being. Fitness pertains to all aspects of your life – physical, emotional and mental.

Question 10

Which are the 4 s fitness?

Answer 10

Strength: A strong person has lots cell muscles. They burn lots of energy=fuerte
Suppleness: A flexible ( bendy ) person doesn’t burns so much energy=flexible
Speed: Release a lot of energy very fast with the process of respiration=velocidad
Stamina: Can stay a long period of time moving your muscles=resistente

Question 11

Exercise affects pulse and breathing rate

Answer 11

When we do exercise we take air and release CO2 faster, so we need more blood in our body for it to get oxygen that will get released as carbon dioxide. We make the process of respiration faster so we can respire aerobically and contract the muscles

Question 12

Muscles release energy from food using aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration

Answer 12

The formulae of aerobic respiration is:
GLUCOSE+O2=CO2+WATER

The formulae of anaerobic respiration is:
GLUCOSE=LACTIC ACID+ENERGY

Question 13

Which is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Answer 13

Aerobic respiration contains O2 and anaerobic doesn’t.
Aerobic produces more energy and CO2 and water, anaerobic doesn’t.
Anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid and aerobic doesn’t

Question 14

How the lungs are adapted to their job

Answer 14

The lungs are adapted to their job because they have tiny hairs called cilia that produce mucus which cleans all the bad bacteria that enter into our lungs and the cilia sweeps all the dirty mucus out . The capillaries in the alveolus are one cell thick. The gas exchange takes place in alveoli capillaries and large surface area. Diffusion is the process of exchanges air.

Question 15

What happenes to the diaghram and the muscles when we inhale?

Answer 15

When we inhale, our intercoastal muscles and diaphragm contract.
The ribs move upwards and out.
The diaghram moves down increasing the volume of the chest cavity increases.
The air moves down the trachea to fill the lungs.

Question 16

What happens to the diaghram and muscles when we exhale?

Answer 16

Our intercoastal muscles and diaphragm relax.
The ribs move downwards and in.
The diaghram moves up, nutting the volume of the chest cavity smaller.
CO2 moves up the trachea and gets release through the mouth or nose.

Question 17

Names of the major poisons in cigarette smoke and their effect on the human body

Answer 17

Nicotine: quickly enters to the bloodstream, has stimulating effect in the nervous system. Increases the heart rate, narrows the blood vessels.
Tar: brown, sticky substance that consist of tiny particles and is formed when tobacco smoke condenses. Damages the cilia
Carbon monoxide: Inhalation of carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke reduces the amount of oxygen that can be carried by the blood.

Question 18

What is needed for healthy teeth and bones?

Answer 18

Calcium

Question 19

What does a heart disease is?

Answer 19

A heart disease from smoking means that the veins and arteries get hard instead of being bendy, you get high blood pressure because there’s not many space in them.

Question 20

Which are the effects of alcohol abuse?

Answer 20

Damages nerve cells in the brain
Kill liver cells
Affects the stomach 
Can make a person be sick
Many people die of a disease called cirrhosis of the liver

Question 21

Legal and illegal drugs

Answer 21

Legal: alcohol; nicotine, is addictive and stimulant; tar, damages cilia; caffeine, makes be more active; Ritalin; Adderall; morphine

Illegal: marijuana, pleasing euphoria and relaxation; heroin, warm flushing of the skin, dry mouth, and a heavy feeling in the extremities; cocaine, euphoric, energetic, talkative, mentally alert, and hypersensitive to sight, sound, and touch.

Question 22

What stimulants and depressants are?

Answer 22

Stimulant makes you more active and fast

Depressant makes you slower and more sad

Question 23

Know how joints and muscles allow movement

Answer 23

Joints hold your bones together and allow your rigid skeleton to move
Skeletal muscles produce movement by contracting, or shortening