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chemistry > metals and plastics > Flashcards

metals and plastics Flashcards

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1
Q

metal properties

A 
shiny, grey (usually)
malleable (can be worked into shapes)
strong 
conduct electricity and heat
wide range of melting and boiling points
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2
Q

metallic bonding definition

A

the electrostatic force of attraction between positively charged ions and delocalised electrons

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3
Q

oxygen reaction with metals

A

metal + oxygen = metal oxide

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4
Q

metal and water reaction

A

metal + water = metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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5
Q

metal and acid reaction

A

metal + acid = salt + hydrogen

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6
Q

metals naturally react with oxygen/water/acid forming…

A

metal ores

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7
Q

metals are extracted from ores by:

A

heat alone
heat with carbon
electrolysis

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8
Q

electrochemical series:

heat alone

A

silver to gold

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9
Q

electrochemical series:

heat with carbon

A

zinc to copper

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10
Q

electrochemical series:

electrolysis

A

lithium to aluminium

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11
Q

describe electrolysis

A

during electrolysis, positive metal ions are attracted to the negative electrode and negative non-metal ions are attracted to the positive electrode

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12
Q

reduction of lithium

A

Li+ + e- ~ Li

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13
Q

oxidation of lithium

A

Li ~ Li+ + e-

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14
Q

explain a simple cell

A

a simple cell can be made by placing two metals in an electrolyte

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15
Q

electricity conducting solutions containing ions are known as…

A

electrolytes

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16
Q

describe the voltage in electrochemical cells

A

the further apart elements are in the electrochemical series, the greater the voltage produced when they are used to make an electrochemical cell

17
Q

OIL RIG

A

oxidation is loss (of electrons)

reduction is gain (of electrons)

18
Q

half cells contain metals in solutions…

A

of their own ions

19
Q

what is an ion bridge

A

soaking electrolyte, links the 2 half cells together, ions can move across the bridge to complete the electrical circuit

20
Q

electrons flow from the species higher in the ECs…

A

to the species lower

21
Q

electricity can be produced in…

A

where at least one of the half cells does not involve metal atoms/ions

22
Q

what can be used as the electrode in such half cells

A

a graphite rod

23
Q

what are polymers

A

they are long chain molecules formed by joining together a large number of small molecules called

24
Q

addition polymerisation

A

small unsaturated monomer (e.g. alkenes) join to make one large polymer

chemistry (8 decks)

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