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metals and non metals exam Flashcards

1
Q

all except mercury are solids at room temp

A

metals

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2
Q

good conductors of Electricity in the solid or liquid state

A

metals

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3
Q

strong and malleable

A

metals

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4
Q

ductile

A

metals

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5
Q

all have lustre when polished

A

metals

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6
Q

most have high melting and boiling points

A

metals

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7
Q

good conductors of heat

A

metals

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8
Q

can be solids (S,C),liquids (Br2) or gasses (N2,02) at room temp

A

non metals

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8
Q

most of the solids are brittle

A

non metals

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8
Q

do not conduct electricity Exeption Graphite

A

non metals

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9
Q

not ductile

A

non metals

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10
Q

most of the solids are dull

A

non metals

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10
Q

most have low melting and boiling points

A

non metals

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11
Q

poor conductors of heat or may be used as insulators

A

non metals

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12
Q

Definition of Malleable

A

able to be hammered or pressed into shape without breaking or cracking.

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13
Q

ductile

A

able to be drawn out into a wire.

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14
Q

lustre

A

a gentle sheen or soft glow.

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15
Q

Definition of a Displacement reaction

A

when a metal and a metal ion react spontaneously. The metal and the metal ion displace (swap)

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16
Q

Define Spectator ion

A

The ions which do not participate in chemical reactions and present the same on both sides of the reactions

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17
Q

alloy

A

a metal made by combining two or more metallic elements, especially to give greater strength or resistance to corrosion.

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18
Q

allotrope

A

each of two or more different physical forms in which an element can exist. Graphite, charcoal, and diamond are all allotropes of carbon.

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19
Q

three physical properties of metal

A

metal atoms have a latice structure so the valence electron is able to move freely (metalic bonding)
metals conduct electricity because electrons are free to move
metals are malleable and ductile as atoms can slide alongside eachother without breaking the metalic bonds

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20
Q

chemical properties of metals

A

1,2, or 3 electons in valence shell

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21
Q

the more reactive a metal is the more easily it…..

A

loses outer valence electrons and forms postive cations

22
Q

what does the the activity series do

A

arranges metals in order of chemical reactivity

23
Q

most reactive to least reactive

A

Li,K,Na,Ca,Mg,Al,Zn,Fe,Sn,Pb,H,Cu,Ag,Au,Pt

24
Q

Metals will react depending on

A

their postion in the activity series
the lower the postion the less likely they are to react
this is to do with the number of elecrtrons in the valance shell

25
Q

applications of metal reactivity

A

what type of metal would you use for making an aroplane and why practical questions

26
Q

metal + oxygen —->

A

metal oxide

27
Q

lithium
Potassium and sodiums reaction with oxygen

A

react rapidly forming a powdery oxide does not protect metal
MUST BE STORED IN OIL

28
Q

lithium
potassium and sodiums reaction with heat

A

reacts forming dangerous metal oxide

29
Q

how does calcium react
think about the activity series

A

burns with bright red light forming white powdery calcium oxide

30
Q

how does magnesium react

A

burns with bright white light and forms a powdrey oxide

31
Q

aluminium
copper
iron
lead
zinc
react how with heat

A

same light reactions basically

32
Q

word equation for metal and oxygen

A

metal + oxygen —> metal oxide

33
Q

word equation for water

A

metal + water —> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

34
Q

word equation for acid

A

metal + acid —> salt + hydrogen

35
Q

what metal is used for electrical wiring and why

A

copper because its high conductivity and its ductile

36
Q

what metal is used for producing fishing sinkers and why

A

lead because its dense and malleable

37
Q

what metal is used for making fence wire and why

A

iron because its hard and ductile

38
Q

what metal is used for making jewellery and why

A

silver and gold because they are lustrous and non reactive

39
Q

what metal is used for making planes and why

A

Aluminium because its malleable and low density

40
Q

what is the definition of a displacement reaction

A

when a metal and an ionic solution reacts spontaneously and the metal and metal ion swap (displace)

41
Q

what is the word equation for displacement reaction

A

A + BC —-> B + AC

42
Q

allotropes of oxygen

A

ozone

43
Q

3 allotropes of carbon

A

diamond, graphite, graphene

44
Q

3 allotropes of sulfur

A

plastic sulfur, rombic sulfur, monoclinic sulfur

45
Q

describe atomic structure of carbon

A

Carbon has an atomic number 6 this is because it has 6 protons, as its an atom it contains 6 electrons these are arranged in two electron shells. The first shell contains 2 electrons, while the valence shell contains 4 electrons.

46
Q

describe atomic structure of oxygen

A

oxygen has an atomic number 8 this is because it has 8 protons, as its an atom it contains 8 electrons these are arranged in two electron shells. The first shell contains 2 electrons, while the valence shell contains 6 electrons.

47
Q

describe atomic structure of sulfur

A

sulfur has an atomic number 16 this is because it has 16 protons, as its an atom it contains 16 electrons these are arranged in three electron shells. The first shell contains 2 electrons, while the second shell contains 8 electrons and valence shell contains 6.

48
Q

describe atomic structure of chlorine

A

chlorine has an atomic number 17 this is because it has 17 protons, as its an atom it contains 17 electrons these are arranged in three electron shells. The first shell contains 2 electrons, while the second shell contains 8 electrons and valence shell contains 7.

49
Q

what are three uses of oxygen

A

to remove impurites from iron

aid to breathing in hospitals, mountaineering and deep sea diving.

In rocket fuels for space travel.

50
Q

what are three uses of nitrogen

A

food packaging so no crushing
In large quantities to produce ammonia gas then used to make
nitric acid, fertilisers, dyes and explosives.
Liquid nitrogen to ‘burn off’ warts from the skin.

51
Q

what are uses of chlorine

A

As a bleach in the pulp and paper industry, and textile industries.
Treatment of sewage.
As a strong bleach in cleaners such as Janola.
To sterilise water in swimming or spa pools.

52
Q

ionic bonds are…

A

metal and non metal bonding

53
Q

why is an alloy harder then a non alloy metal

A

because it has different sizes of atoms forming it creating a bumpy lattice structure

54
Q

first step in writing a balance symbol equation

A

write the equation in full form without adding any big numbers infront

55
Q
A

everything (5 decks)

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