Metals Flashcards
What are the properties of metals?
Malleable, ductile, conductor of heat and electricity, hard, shiny.
What is the definition of malleable?
Can be bent and beaten into shape.
What is the definition of ductile?
Can be drawn out into wires.
Word equation for a metal reacting with oxygen.
Metal + oxygen ——–> metal oxide
Word equation for a metal reacting with water.
Metal + water ———-> metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas
Word equation for a metal reacting with acid.
Metal + acid ———-> salt + hydrogen gas
Word equation for sodium reacting in hydrochloric acid.
sodium + hydrochloric acid ——-> sodium chloride + hydrogen
Word equation for calcium reacting in sulfuric acid.
calcium + sulfuric acid ——-> calcium sulfate + hydrogen
Word equation for magnesium reacting in nitric acid.
magnesium + nitric acid ——-> magnesium nitrate + hydrogen
What are the 3 different methods of extraction?
Heating - for low reactivity metals such as mercury.
Heating with carbon (smelting) - any metals less reactive than carbon. Between copper and zinc.
Electrolysis - aluminium and above which are too reactive to be extracted by smelting.
What is corrosion?
The destruction of a metal when it reacts with oxygen.
What type of metal rusts?
Only iron rusts (all other metals will corrode).
How can you prevent corrosion?
Painting/oiling/greasing.
Galvansing (coating the metal with zinc).
Electroplating (using electricity to coat the metal with another metal).
What is displacement reaction?
When a metal higher up the reactivity series can displace (remove) a metal lower down from solution.
