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Nat 5 Chemistry > Metals > Flashcards

Metals Flashcards

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1
Q

How are the bonds in metallic bonding held together?

A

The positive metal ion is attracted to the negatively charged electrons

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2
Q

How does electricity work?

A

Atoms are incredibly close together, thus that the electrons which spin around the atoms, pass onto each other and jump from atom to atom

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3
Q

What are the three reactions of metals?

A

Metal + Water
Metal + Acid
Metal + Oxygen

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4
Q

Which metals react strongly with water, acid and Oxygen?

A

Very reactive ones

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5
Q

What is the general equation for a metal and water reaction?

A

Metal + Water —-> Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen

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6
Q

What are the unreactive metals?

A

Gold
Silver
Platinum

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7
Q

Which metals react with acid?

A

Only metals which are higher than hydrogen on the reactivity series as Hydrogen represents the H+ ions which are compulsory of acids

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8
Q

What is the general equation for a metal and acid reaction?

A

Metal + Acid —-> Salt + Hydrogen

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9
Q

How is the salt of a metal and acid reaction named?

A

By taking the name of the metal in the reaction and the name of the acid

eg. Magnesium and Hydrochloric acid produce the salt Magnesium Chloride

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10
Q

What is a simple way of carrying out a metal and Oxygen reaction?

A

By burning the metal

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11
Q

What is the general equation for a metal and Oxygen reaction?

A

Metal + Oxygen —-> Metal Oxide

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12
Q

What is the chemical term for a battery?

A

A cell

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13
Q

What is a description of a simple cell?

A

A cell is two different metals connected by an electrolyte

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14
Q

What is an electrolyte solution?

A

An electrolyte solution is an ionic solution which is used to complete a circuit

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15
Q

What is the voltage produced by the cell determined by?

A

How far apart the two metals are on the electrochemical series (metals which are far away from each other produce high voltages)

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16
Q

What direction do the electrons flow in?

A

Electrons flow for the most reactive metal to the least reactive metal

17
Q

What is a description of a more complex cell?

A

Two metals, each in an electrolyte solution of their own ions, with each solution connected by an ion bridge

18
Q

What is an ion bridge?

A

An ion bridge is a piece of filter paper soaked in an ionic solution (such as NaCl solution) which is used to complete a circuit

19
Q

What is Oxidation?

A

Oxidation is when a metal loses an electron

20
Q

What is Reduction?

A

Reduction is when a metal gains an electron

21
Q

What is a definition of a redox reaction?

A

A redox reaction is one where both oxidation and reduction take place

22
Q

Why are simple cells examples of redox reaction?

A

Because the most reactive metal is losing electrons and the least reactive metal is gaining electrons

23
Q

What is an ore?

A

An ore is a metal which has reacted with oxygen naturally via air/water

24
Q

What metals do not from ores?

A

Unreactive metals

25
Q

What is the rule connecting reactivity of the metal to extraction of the metal from its ore?

A

The more reactive the metal the harder it is to remove it from it’s ore

26
Q

What metals can be removed from their ore by heat alone?

A

Mercury
Silver
Gold
Platinum

27
Q

What metals can be removed from their ore by heating with a reducing agent?

A

Zinc
Tin
Lead
Copper

28
Q

What is a reducing agent?

A

A reducing agent is an element or compound which can donate it’s electrons. Examples are Carbon or Carbon Monoxide

29
Q

How is Iron removed from its ore?

A

Via a Blast Furnace

30
Q

What metals can be removed from their ore by electrolysis?

A 
Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
31
Q

What is electrolysis?

A

Electrolysis is the method of passing a DC (direct current) through a metal

Nat 5 Chemistry (11 decks)

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