metals Flashcards
metallic bonding is the
electrostatic force of attraction between positively charged ions and delocalised electrons
Metallic elements are conductors because
they contain delocalised electrons
metal + oxygen
metal oxide
metal + water
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
metal + dilute acid
salt + hydrogen
Metals can be arranged
in order of reactivity by comparing the rates at which they react
Metals can be used to
produce soluble salts
Techniques for a soluble salt in order
- filtration
- evaporation
Reduction is
the gain of electrons by a reactant in ANY reaction
Oxidation is
the LOSS of electrons in ANY reaction
during extraction of metals, metal ions
are reduced forming metal atoms
methods for extraction
- Heat alone
- Heating with carbon
- electrolysis
what is electrolysis
the decomposition of an ionic compound into its elements using electricty
what supply must be used for the products of electrolysis are to be identified
D.C
Positive ions
gain electrons at the negative electrode
negative ions
lose electrons at the positive electrode
what are electrolytes
electrically conducting solutions containing ions
a simple cell can be made
by placing two metals in an electrolytes
Another type of cell can be made using two half celss
metals in solutions of their own ions
An ion bridge
can be used to link the half cels
Electricty can be produced in cells where
at least one of the half-cells does not involve metal atoms/ions
Why will graphite be used as the electrode for non-metals
- It won’t reacts
- It conducts electricity
The further apart elements are in the electrochemical series
the greater the voltage produced
electrons flow from the element higher to
the element lower
This allows the direction of electron flow
to be deduced
