Important Flashcards
How to remember the diatomic elements
HINClBrOF
How to remember the Haber Process
HAIR
How to remember the Ostwald Process
OPEN
Why do ionic compounds conduct when in solution
ions are free to move
How to remember REDOX
OILRIG
What does HINClBrOF stand for
Hydrogen
Iodine
Chlorine
Bromine
Oxygen
Fluorine
What does HAIR stand for
Haber
Ammonia
Iron
Reversible
What does OPEN stand for
Ostwald
Platinum
Exothermic
Nitric Acid
What does OILRIG stand for
Oxidation
Is
Loss
Reduction
Is
Gain
How to remember the reaction between Metal and Acid
MASH
what does MASH stand for
Metal
Acid
Salt
Hydrogen
Vinegar is a solution of
ethanoic acid
solution
produced when a solute is dissolved in a solvent
solute
is dissolved
solvent
does the dissolving
In industry, calcium oxide is reacted with sulfur dioxide to reduce the volume of sulfur dioxide released into the atmosphere.
Explain why calcium oxide is able to reduce the volume of sulfur dioxide released
calcium oxide is base, so forms an alkaline solution when dissolved in water
It will neutralise the sulfur dioxide
Explain the change in the pH of the solution as sulfur dioxide dissolves
pH of solution decreases below 7 because the H+ ion concentration goes up
Half life of Americium-242 = 16 hours
Half-life of Americium-241= 432 years
Why do smoke detectors use americium-241 and not americium-242?
Americium 242 has a longer half life so will not be need to be replaced as often
The next step involves separating pure titanium(IV) chloride from other liquid impurities that are also produced during the first step.
Suggest a name for this process
Distillation
TiO2 +2Cl2 +2C –> TiCl4 +2X
Identify X
CO
The Sodium Chloride can be electrolysed. Suggest how this could make the extraction of titanium from titanium oxide more economical
The products can be recycled
What is ‘a solution of accurately known concentration’ the definition of?
Standard Solution
what two elements are liquid at room temperature
bromine and mercury
H2O(l) ⇋ H+(aq) + OH- (aq)
dissociation of water
hydration of an alkene turns it into an
alcohol
hydrogenation of an alkene turns it into an
alkane
how many covalent bonds does oxygen have
2
how many covalent bonds does nitrogen have
3
What is the ion electron equation for a nitrogen ion forming a nitrogen atom?
N3- —-> N + 3e
What will happen to bromine water if an alkane is added to it?
nothing
What is broken during an addition reaction?
A C=C bond
priority of functional groups
- Carboxyl
- Hydroxyl
- Carbon to Carbon double bond
- Branches
covalent network elements
carbon (diamond)
carbon (graphite)
silicon
boron
covalent network substances
silicon dioxide (SiO2)
ion
a charged particle
a fuel
burns in oygen to release energy, producing carbon dioxide and water
isotopes
atoms of the same element (same atomic number) but with different mass numbers
a standard solution
a solution of accurately known concentration
how soluble is ammonia
very soluble
How many moles are there in 24g of carbon?
2 moles
equimolar
same concentration
equations for making a standard solution
- Number of moles (n=cV)
- Work out formula
- Work out the GFM of the subbstance
- Work out mass of substance needed (m=n*GFM)
A solution of known concentration is added to a set volume of the solution of unknown concentration until the reaction is neutralised.
The end point is normally determined by a colour change. The unknown concentration can then be calculated
This is what happens during
a titration
