Metals

Question 1

 employed for various engineering purposes and requirements
 iron is the most popular metal in the field of engineering
 ALL the metals have a crystalline structure

Question 2

______ is a mixture or compound of two or more elements, at least one of
which is metallic
________ enhances some properties, as required by engineering applications,
such as strength and hardness in comparison to pure metals
 Classified into _________ and _________

Answer 2

alloy
Alloying
solid solution, intermediate phase

Question 3

______ is an alloy in which one element is dissolved in another to form
a single-phase structure, the solvent or base element is ________ , and the dissolved
element can be either _______
 Solid solutions can be________ or _________

Answer 3

Solid solution
metallic
metallic or nonmetal

Substitutional Solid Solution, Interstitial Solid Solution

Question 4

________
atoms of solvent element are
replaced in its unit cell by
dissolved element.
______ atoms
of dissolving element fit into
vacant spaces between base
metal atoms in the lattice
structure

Answer 4

Substitutional solid solution
Interstitial solid solution

Question 5

There are usually limits to the solubility of one
element in another. When the amount of the dissolving element in the alloy
exceeds the solid solubility limit of the base metal, a _________ in
the alloy. The term ________ is used to describe it because its
chemical composition is intermediate between the two pure elements. Its
crystalline structure is also different from those of the pure metals.

Answer 5

second phase forms
intermediate phase

Question 6

_______ – can be alloyed for high rigidity, strength, and
hardness
 ________– capacity to absorb energy better than other classes of materials
 ___________ – metals are conductors
_________ – conduct heat better than ceramics or polymers
 ______ – the price of steel is very competitive with other engineering materials

Answer 6

High stiffness and strength
Toughness

Good electrical conductivity

Good thermal conductivity

Cost

Question 7

METALS USED IN MANUFACTURING PROCESS
________ - starting form is a casting
 ______ - the metal has been worked or can be worked
after casting
 __________ - starting form is very small powders for
conversion into parts using powder metallurgy techniques

Answer 7

Cast Metal
Wrought Metal
Powdered Metal

Question 8

___________
 These metals contain iron as main constituent
are classified as cast iron, wrought iron, and steel depending
upon ingredients and percentage of carbon content

___________
 These metals practically do not contain iron

Answer 8

FERROUS METALS

NON-FERROUS METALS

Question 9

_______ contains a higher percentage of carbon ranging from ______
is manufactured by melting of pig iron with coke and lime stone. The furnace
used is known as _________

1. It can be hardened by heating and sudden cooling, but it cannot be tempered.
2. It does not rust easily.
3. It is fusible.
4. It is hard and at the same time brittle

Answer 9

Cast Iron
2 to 4.23
CUPOLA

Question 10

______ - Its carbon content is 2.0 to 2.5%. It contains carbon in
chemical form and on fracturing gives silver white luster. It is hard, not
workable on machines and is used for preparing pump liners, drawing dies
etc.,

Answer 10

White Cast Iron

Question 11

. ________ - The carbon content is about 3% ad when fractured gives a
grey appearance. It is soft and readily melts. Its strength is weak and is used
for casting cylinders, pistons, manholes etc.

Answer 11

Grey Cast Iron

Question 12

_________ - Its carbon content is 3.3%. It is produced by casting the
molten metal against a metal chiller to obtain a surface of white cast iron.
This is hard to a certain depth from the outer surface, which indicates the
white iron. The inner portion of the body is made up of grey iron which is soft.
It is used for manufacturing rail car wheels, dies, sprockets etc.

Answer 12

Chilled Cast Iron

Question 13

_______ Its carbon content is 2.3%. The composition of this is
so adjusted that it becomes malleable. It is done by extracting a portion of
carbon from cast iron. It has high field strength and used for manufacture of
automobile and railway equipment such as rail cars, crank shafts gear boxes
etc.

Answer 13

Malleable Cast Iron

Question 14

__________ - It is obtained by melting cast-iron with wrought iron
scrap. The proportion of wrought-iron scrap is about 1/4 to 1/7th of cast-iron.

Answer 14

Toughened Cast Iron

Question 15

pure iron, carbon content is ____

manufactured by _________

Answer 15

0.15%, refining-puddling-shingling-rolling