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Airframe Oral Questions (ACS) > Metallic Structures > Flashcards

Metallic Structures Flashcards

1
Q

What are three requirements for a repair to a piece of sheet metal aircraft structure?

A

The repair must restore the lost strength and rigidity, and it must not change the aerodynamic shape of the part

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2
Q

When making a riveted repair to an aircraft sheet metal structure, which should be the stronger, the shear strength of the rivet, or the bearing strength of the metal sheet?

A

The two strengths should be close to each other, but the bearing strength of the sheet should be the greater.

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3
Q

What type of device is a Cleco fastener?

A

A patented fastener that is inserted in the rivet holes and is used to hold two pieces of sheet metal together until they can be riveted.

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4
Q

What is the main function of a throatless shears in an aircraft sheet metal shop?

A

Throatless shears are used to cut mild carbon steel up to 10-gage, and stainless tell up to 12-gage. They can be used to cut irregular curves in the metal.

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5
Q

What is the purpose of a sight line when laying out sheet metal to be bent in a cornice brake?

A

The sight line allows the jaws of a cornice brake to be positioned so the bend made by the brake will start at the bend tangent line.

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6
Q

What kind of metal forming is done by a slip roll former?

A

Simple curves with a large radius.

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7
Q

What kind of metal forming is done by bumping?

A

Compound curves in sheet metal.

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8
Q

What must be done to the flanges of an angle for it to be curved?

A

The flanges must be stretched for a convex curve and shrunk for a concave curve.

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9
Q

What is meant by the bend allowance used in making a bend in a piece of sheet metal?

A

The amount of metal that is actually used in making the bend in a piece of sheet metal.

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10
Q

What determines the minimum bend radius that can be used with a piece of sheet metal?

A

The thickness of the material and its hardness.

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11
Q

What is meant by setback when bending a piece of sheet metal in a cornice brake?

A

Setback is the distance the jaws of the brake must be set back from the mold line to form the bend.

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12
Q

Why are the lightening holes in a sheet metal wing rib flanged?

A

They give the rib rigidity.

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13
Q

When hand-forming a piece of sheet metal that has a concave curve, should the forming be started in the center of the curve, or at its edges?

A

Start at the edges and work toward the center.

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14
Q

What is meant by a joggle in a piece of sheet metal?

A

A joggle is a small offset near the edge of a piece of sheet metal that allows the sheet to overlap another piece of metal.

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15
Q

When drilling stainless steel, should the drill be turned fast or slow?

A

It should be turned slowly.

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16
Q

What is the minimum edge distance allowed when installing rivets in a piece of aircraft sheet metal structure?

A

Two times the diameter of the rivet.

17
Q

What is the recommended transverse pitch to use when making a riveted two-row splice in a piece of sheet metal?

A

Three-fourths of the pitch of the rivets in the rows.

18
Q

Why should aluminum alloy rivets be driven with as few blows as is practical?

A

Excessive hammering will work-harden the rivets and make them difficult to drive.

19
Q

What determines whether a piece of sheet metal should be dimpled or countersunk when installing flush rivets?

A

The thickness of the sheet. Countersinking should be done only when the thickness of the sheet is greater than the thickness of the rivet head.

20
Q

What type of metal should be hot-dimpled?

A

7075-T6, 2024-T81 aluminum alloys, and magnesium alloys should be hot-dimpled.

21
Q

Why is TIG (GTA) welding preferred over oxyacetylene welding for building and repairing welded steel tube aircraft structure?

A

The heat is concentrated in the weld and does not cause as much distortion as gas welding.

22
Q

Why is it important that the pressure of the gas in an acetylene cylinder be kept low?

A

Acetylene gas becomes unstable when it is kept under pressure of more than about 15 psi.

23
Q

What is the difference in the appearance of an oxidizing flame, a neutral flame, and a reducing flame produced by an oxy-acetylene torch?

A

An oxidizing flame has a pointed inner cone, and the torch makes a hissing noise. A neutral flame has a rounded inner cone, and there is no feather around the inner cone. A reducing flame has a definite feather around the inner cone.

24
Q

What is meant by tack welding?

A

Tack welding is the use of small welded spots to hold the material together until the final bead is run.

25
Q

Why must thick plates of metal be preheated before they are welded?

A

Preheating is a method of controlling the expansion and contraction of the metal that is being welded. Preheating minimizes the stresses that are caused when welding thick metal.

26
Q

Why is it important that all traces of the welding flux be removed after a piece of aluminum or magnesium is welded?

A

Welding flux is corrosive and it must be removed to keep the metal from corroding.

27
Q

What is the function of the inert gas that is used in TIG (GTA) and MIG (GMA) welding?

A

The inert gas forms a shield to keep oxygen away from the weld puddle so oxides cannot form and weaken the weld.

28
Q

What is the difference between brazing and welding?

A

In brazing, the base metal is not melted, but is covered with a low-melting-point alloy. In welding, the base metal is melted.

29
Q

Is a heat-treated steel part normally repairable by welding?

A

No, welding destroys the heat treatment.

30
Q

What kind of solder is recommended for soldering electrical wires?

A

60/40 resin-core solder.

31
Q

What kind of flame should be used when gas welding aluminum?

A

A soft, neutral oxy-hydrogen flame is recommended.

32
Q

What is an acceptable acetylene line pressure to use when welding with an oxyacetylene rig?

A

About 5 psi.

33
Q

How much should the bead penetrate the material when welding two pieces of steel with a butt weld?

A

The joint should have 100 percent penetration.

34
Q

What is meant by a soft flame?

A

One that is made when the pressures of the gasses are low enough that the flame does not make a noise and does not blow the puddle.

Airframe Oral Questions (ACS) (15 decks)

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