Metal Structure & Crystallization

Question 1

All matter is considered to be composed of unit substances known as

Answer 1

chemical elements

Question 2

tiny particles of negative electricity

Answer 2

electrons

Question 3

particles of positive electricity

Answer 3

protons

Question 4

electrically neutral particles

Answer 4

neutrons

Question 5

discovered that cathode rays could turn a small paddle wheel paced in the tube would cast a shadow of any solid object placed in their path which possessed negative charges

Answer 5

William Crooks

Question 6

determined that the particles of which the rays were composed were travelling at high speeds and that each one had the mass of about 1/1800 of the hydrogen atom.

Answer 6

JJ Thomson

Question 7

bombarded light elements with high speed alpha particles and emitted positively charged particles almost identical to the mass of the hydrogen

Answer 7

Ernest Rutherford

Question 8

first concepted the atomic structure that met with wide acceptance

Answer 8

Gilbert Lewis and Irving Langmuir

Question 9

bombarded beryllium with alpha particles resulted in the third kind of emission called the neutron

Answer 9

Chadwick

Question 10

tabulated the periodic table or periodic classification of elements due to the similarities of physical and chemical properties of certain elements.

Answer 10

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 11

supplied by a proton or a neutron

Answer 11

Atomic mass/wt

Question 12

indicates the number of protons

Answer 12

Atomic number

Question 13

also indicates the number of electrons because an atom has to be electrically neutral

Answer 13

Atomic Number

Question 14

The electrons spinning on their own axes as they rotate around the nucleus, are arranged in …

Answer 14

definite shells

Question 15

The maximum number of electrons that can fit in each shell is

Answer 15

2n^2

Question 16

In an atom or molecule, no two electrons can have the same four electronic quantum numbers and the two electrons must have opposing spins

Answer 16

Pauli Exclusion Principle:

Question 17

principal quantum number related to the total energy of the electron in a particular state (1, 2, 3)

Answer 17

n

Question 18

second quantum number which is a measure of the angular momentum of the electron (0 to n-1)

Answer 18

l

Question 19

component of the angular momentum in a specified direction (0, +1, -1)

Answer 19

m1

Question 20

spin of the electron on its own axis (+/- ½)

Answer 20

ms

Question 21

electrons in the unfilled shells and are largely responsible for the behavior of the elements

Answer 21

valence electrons

Question 22

stable group that shows very little activity wherein the 8 electrons filled the subshells

Answer 22

inert gases

Question 23

distinguished by several characteristics

a) in the solid state, they exist in the form of crystals
b) they have relatively high thermal and electrical conductivity
c) they have the ability to be deformed plastically
d) they have relatively high reflectivity of light

Answer 23

Metal

Question 24

have some conductivity but little or no plasticity (C, B, Si)

Answer 24

Metalloids

Question 25

the remaining elements

Answer 25

Nonmetals

Question 26

transfer of electrons

Answer 26

ionic bond

Question 27

sharing of electrons

Answer 27

covalent bond

Question 28

each of the atoms of the metal contributes its valence electrons to the formation of a negative electron “cloud”

Answer 28

metallic bond

Question 29

when atoms are brought close together, there is a separation of the centers of positive and negative charges resulting to a weak attractive forces

Answer 29

Van der Waals Forces

Question 30

Metals are _______ referred in these materials as grains which, in order to examine its range of magnification, falls in the category of a class known as ______________.

Answer 30

polycrystalline, microstructure

Question 31

the basic structure inside the grains which are the atomic arrangements inside the crystals.

Answer 31

Crystal structure

Question 32

the distance between center of the spheres if the atoms are visualized as spheres just touching at equilibrium

Answer 32

Atomic diameter