Metacognition

Question 1

Metacognition

Answer 1

Dealing with an abstraction of an original concept

Thinking about thinking

Question 2

Metacognitive judgement

Answer 2

Perceptions of your own mental state

• confidence
• awareness

Question 3

Confirmation bias

Answer 3

Preference for seeking information that can confirm your existing beliefs

Active search

Question 4

Wasons selection task

Answer 4

Four cards EX16
A letter on one side
A number on the other

All cards with a vowel on one side have an even number on the other

Turn over E since it might have odd number
Turn over 1 since it might have vowel
Falsify rule

don’t help:

• motivation / reward
• changing the wording
• university education

Help:
-make task less abstract

Question 5

Most errors are two errors

Answer 5

Making the wrong choice

Thinking you’ve made the right choice

Error & metacognitive Error

Question 6

Mere exposure effect

Answer 6

Development of preference of stimuli merely because they have experienced it before

Ease of processing —> recognition judgment
—> preference judgement

Question 7

Mental contamination

Answer 7

Arousal due to fear

Contaminated judgements

Unwanted responses

Question 8

Illusion of explanatory depth

ROZENBLIT & KEIL

Answer 8

Most people feel they understand world with greater detail, coherence and depth

Confronted with everyday objects- familiar, non-problematic

Feeling of familiarity contaminates understanding

Misattribution based on familiarity—> overestimation

Question 9

Dunning-Kruger Effect

Answer 9

Overestimate confidence when no experience, then lull, once expert confidence increases

Lack skill, lack metacognitive skill

Question 10

Metacognition and heuristics

Answer 10

Metacognitive errors result from basing judgment on wrong information

Metacognition employs heuristics- systematic mistakes

Use heuristics to understand ourselves and world, metacognitive errors result from heuristics