metabolism/nutrients and enzymes

Question 1

what is metabolism

Answer 1

all the chemical processes that occur in cells are reffered to as metabolism

Question 2

what is catabolic reactions (catabolism)

Answer 2

larger molecules broken down into smaller molecules and energy (exothermic reaction)

digestion

Question 3

what is anabolic reactions (anabolism)

Answer 3

smaller molecules and energy forming larger molecules (endothermic as it required energy)

amino acids joining to form proteins (enzyme production)

Question 4

nutrients

Answer 4

any substance in food required for growth, repair and maintenance of the body; any substance required for metabolism

Question 5

what are enzymes

Answer 5

enzymes are organic catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without partaking in the reaction

Question 6

what do enzymes act on

Answer 6

substrate molecules

enzyme + ase

starch - amylase

Question 7

factors that affect enzyme activity

Answer 7

temperature
ph
enzyme concentration
substrate concentration and product concentration

Question 8

what is water function and give 3 uses

Answer 8

water provides a medium for other substances to dissolve in

• excretion of wastes
• regulation of temperature through perspiration
• solvent for solutes

Question 9

vitamins

Answer 9

act as co-enzymes

vitamin a, c, d, k, b1

Question 10

minerals

Answer 10

act as co-factors
join to be part of a molecule 
- ATP (phosphate)
- calcium in teeth
- ion in haemoglobin

Question 11

inhibitors

Answer 11

block or compete for the active site of an enzyme

• penicillin acts as a competitive inhibitor
• competitive inhibitor/non-competitive inhibitor

Question 12

what is cellular respiration

Answer 12

conversion of organic molecules into a form of energy suitable for the use by the cell