Metabolism (lesson two) Flashcards

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1
Q

what is metabolism

A

your body is constantly performing chemical reactions. The sum of all these reactions is referred to as your metabolism

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2
Q

what is your metabolism made up of?

A

Metabolism is made up of catabolic and anabolic reactions

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3
Q

Catabolism

A

Catabolism is the breakdown of materials in an organism

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4
Q

anabolism

A

Anabolism is the building of complex molecules from simpler ones

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5
Q

Endothermic

A

Endothermic animals like mammals and birds have higher energy demands because they use a great deal of energy to keep their bodies warm

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6
Q

Ectothermic

A

Ectothermic animals like reptiles on the other hand do not have this energy demand so can survive on much less energy intake

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7
Q

What Affects Your Metabolism?

A
  • Body size
  • Physical Activity
  • Age
  • Sex
  • Heredity Factors
  • Disease
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8
Q

how does body size affect your metabolism?

A

The larger the body, the more energy required to survive

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9
Q

how does physical activity affect your metabolism?

A

Muscle burns more energy than fat, so more physically fit and active people require more energy

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10
Q

how does age affect your metabolism?

A

Metabolic rate decreases with age

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11
Q

how does sex affect your metabolism?

A

Males are typically larger in size and tend to have more muscle so on average require more energy than women

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12
Q

how does Hereditary factors Affect your metabolism?

A

Some individuals will have naturally high or low metabolic rate

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13
Q

how does disease Affect your metabolism?

A

For example, disorders with the Thyroid (i.e. hypothyroidism vs. hyperthyroidism)

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14
Q

what is the unit for measuring energy?

A

The standard unit for measuring energy is the joule (J)
- Because this is such a small unit we generally measure energy in kilojoules (kJ)

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15
Q

what are calories

A

Generally, food energy though is measured in “calories”
- 1 calorie is really the amount of energy required to raise 1 gram of water by 1 °C
- Food labels are really reported in kilocalories though
- 1 kC = 4180 J

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16
Q

BMR

A

The amount of energy your body uses at rest is called our basal metabolic rate (BMR)

17
Q

how do you figure out the amount of energy you actually consume

A

To figure out the amount of energy you actually consume each day you would have to take into account your activities

18
Q

Healthy Lifestyles

A

To have a healthy lifestyle, you need to maintain a balance between…
- What you are eating
- How much you are eating
- How much physical activity you are participating in