Metabolism 2 Flashcards
What is cell metabolism?
The process of getting energy from food and other materials to use them in biochemical activities, tissue activity and to sustain life, with growth and repair also
What is a catabolic pathway?
The breakdown of molecules into smaller ones with metabolites as intermediates. Release of free energy.
Are catabolic pathways reductive or oxidative?
Oxidative - loss of electrons and protons.
What are anabolic pathways?
The synthesis of larger components from smaller metabolites. Endothermic, using energy from catabolism that was released.
Are anabolic pathways reductive or oxidative?
They are reductive, the use the protons given out in catabolism
What does isothermal mean for energy generation?
Humans have to stay the same temperature which means they cannot use heat energy for work
What energy do humans use to drive reactions needing energy?
Chemical bond energy
List the 4 high energy signals of the cell that activate anabolic pathways
ATP, NADH, NADPH, FAD2H
List the 5 low energy signals of the cell that activate catabolic pathways
ADP, AMP, NAD+, FAD, NADP+
What is the relevance of creatine phosphate in energy stores?
It is used as an energy store to be quickly converted back to ATP when cells need to increase their metabolic activity quickly.
Creatine + ATP > Creatine phosphate & ADP
Catalysed by creatine kinase
What is the relevance of CK elevation on blood tests?
Used as a muscle damage indicator, CK-MB can be used for myocyte damage detection but not very specific. Cytosolic enzyme so raises in blood quickly after damage.
What is creatinine and what is it a marker for?
Creatinine is formed by the breakdown of creatine and creatine phosphate. It is removed via the kidneys so the concentration in urine is a marker of urine dilution and also to indicate kidney function. L
