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Science: Grade 7 > metabolism > Flashcards

metabolism Flashcards

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1
Q

What is metabolism?

A

Chemical reactions in the body’s cells that change food molecules to energy

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2
Q

How does metabolism work?

A

Digestive system: breaks down molecules you eat, breaks down large molecules into small molecules such as amino acids and glucose

The smaller molecules can then be used in chemical reactions such as cellular respiration.

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3
Q

What are the building blocks of protein and fiber?

A

Amino Acids

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4
Q

What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?

A

Glucose

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5
Q

What are molecules?

A

2 or more elements put together

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6
Q

Give me an example of molecules?

A

Oxygen, glucose, and amino acids

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7
Q

What are macro-molecules?

A

A large complex molecule that is formed by small molecules coming together.

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8
Q

Give me examples of macromolecules

A

protein, fats

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9
Q

What process goes on in the mitochondria?

A

Cellular Respiration

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10
Q

What is Cellular Respiration?

A

How cells turn food into energy. They use oxygen to break down glucose releasing energy.

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11
Q

What is mechanical digestion?

A

Physical breakdown of food using muscle movement.

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12
Q

Give me examples of mechanical digestion

A

Teeth ripping and tearing food, The esophagus and small intestine use Peristalsis, stomach churning.

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13
Q

What is chemical digestion?

A

Chemical breakdown of food using enzymes or acid.

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14
Q

what is the formula for hydrogen?

A

h2

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15
Q

what organ absorbs water?

A

small intestine

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16
Q

what type of digestion happens in the mouth?

A

Chemical, and Mechanical

17
Q

what is the esophagus?

A

a muscular tube that carries food from your mouth to your stomach

18
Q

peristalsis?

A

muscle contraction which pushes food through a tube called the esophagus

19
Q

what are enzymes?

A

proteins that are made by the body and break down specific types of food.

20
Q

what is stomach acid?

A

liquid in the stomach that contains acid, and enzymes to break down food into a liquid called chyme

21
Q

what is the longest section of your digestive tract called?

A

small intestine

22
Q

what happens in the small intestine?

A

most digestion takes place and nutrients from the broken down food get absorbed into your bloodstream

23
Q

what are villi?

A

tiny finger like projections in the small intestine, that increase surface area allowing more nutrients to be able to be absorbed into the bloodstream. villi are where all nutrients get removed from the food and sent to body cells

24
Q

what are the accessory organs?

A

the salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

25
Q

what do the accessory organs do?

A

they are not part of the digestive tract but they have a role in digestive activites.

26
Q

tell me about the large intestine (colon)

A

water is absorbed from the remaining food. it is a large tube that escorts waste from the body through the rectum.

27
Q

cells can only use molecules that are?

A

small enough to enter the cell’s membrane

28
Q

give me an example of mechanical and chemical digestion for the mouth

A

mechanical: chewing
chemical: saliva

29
Q

give me an example of mechanical and chemical digestion for the esophagus

A

mechanical: muscle movement
chemical: n/a

30
Q

give me an example of mechanical and chemical digestion for the stomach

A

mechanical: walls of stomach have muscles
chemical: stomach acid

31
Q

give me an example of mechanical and chemical digestion for the small intestine

A

mechanical: peristalsis
chemical: acids and liquid

32
Q

give me an example of mechanical and chemical digestion for the large intestine

A

mechanical: poop being pushed out by muscles
chemical: n/a

Science: Grade 7 (5 decks)

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