Metabolism Flashcards
Catabolic Pathways (breakdown pathways)
metabolic pathways release energy by breaking down complex molecules to simpler compounds
(eg. cellular respiration)
Anabolic Pathways (biosynthetic)
pathway consumes energy to build complicated molecules from simpler ones
Bioenergetics
The study of how energy flows through living organisms
First law of thermodynamics
Matter cannot be created or destroyed
entropy
A measure of disorder, or randomness
2nd law of thermodynamics
Every energy transfer increases the entropy of the universe
spontaneous process
a process that can occur without added energy
How many reactions does an enzyme perform?
A typical enzyme performs 1000 reactions/s
Do enzymes care about their environment?
Yes
Enzymes are proteins and proteins shape is sensitive to the environment Upon heating or exposure to a heavily charged environment they can
change shape irreversibly ← Denaturing
Can enzymes perform endergonic reactions?
NO
What allows for endergonic reactions to occur?
It’s ya boi, ATP
It acts as a reactant in coupled reactions that create intermediate reactions that are exergonic
what is another name for the citric acid cycle
The Krebs cycle
Summarize Cellular respiration
The extraction of energy from electrons as they move from a donor to an acceptor through a series of stepwise reactions.
The energy is usually used to create a proton gradient across a membrane, often coupled with ATP synthase.
Where is the electron tranfer chain and ATP Synthase located in Prototypical Eukaryotes?
The mitochondrial inner membrane
This is aerobic respiration
Where is ETC and ATP Synthase located in Aerobic Prokaryotes
ETC and ATP Synthase are on cell (plasma) membrane infolds
This is aerobic respiration
