Metabolism Flashcards
Metabolism is
The sum of the chemical changes that convert
- nutrient into energy
- complex substances to simpler forms
- simple to complex
Normal metabolism is vital for
- health
- growth
- reproduction
- survival
Metabolic pathways
Linked series of chemical reactions within a cell
Anabolism
- Small to big
- Use energy
Catabolism
- Big to small
- release energy
ATP
- renewable energy resources
- unstable bonds
Food
- long term energy storage
- stable bonds
CHO/Fats/Proteins
Contain a lot of stored chemical energy
ATP
Energy is stored during the breakdown of food us used to manufacture a chemical which is stored un muscle cells
Mechanical work
Cells use the energy released frin the breakdown of ATP to perform work
ATP stands for
Adenosine Tri Phosphate
Energy currency
ATP
What is ATP
- nucleotide
ATP Adenosine structure
A carbon nitrogen base
ATP Ribose structure
5 carbon sugar
ATP Phosphates structure
3 phosphates linked together by a chemical bond
ATP energy release
1 p is removed - diphosphate (ADP)
2 p is removed - monosphosphate (AMP)
Hydrolysis
Substance is split into simpler compounds by the addition of water
ATP Production
ADP + Pi –> ATP
ATP Synthesis
ADP + P + energy —-> ATP
What is adding phosphate called
Phosphorylation
What is a coupled reaction in relation to ATP
Energy releasing and requiring
Where is ATP stored
Muscle cell
Why is ATP limited
- it lasts 3-5 seconds
- must be constantly and rapidly replaced
