Metabolism 1 (Glycolysis) Flashcards
Define metabolism
The total of all of an orgs life-sustaining chemical reactions
What are the 3 main purposes of metabolism?
> make essential molecules e.g. proteins, lipids, NAs
generate energy from food ingested
eliminate N waste from body
Define metabolic pathway
Series of steps found in biochem reactions that help convert molecules/substrates into diff, more readily usable materials
What are the 2 types of metabolic pathway?
> catabolic
- large molecules broken down into small ones
- energy released
anabolic
- small molecules assembled into large ones
- energy required
What is glycolysis?
Series of reactions that extract energy from glucose by splitting it into 2 3C molecules called pyruvates
What are the 2 main phases of glycolysis?
Energy-requiring phase
Energy-releasing phase
What is the overall reaction of glycolysis?
Glucose + 2Pi + 2ADP + 2NAD+
–>
2 pyruvate + 2ATP + 2NADH + 2H+ + 2H2O
Which steps are in equilibrium?
All except for 1, 3 & 10
In which steps is ATP produced?
7 = 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate into 3-phosphoglycerate
10 = phosphoenolpyruvate into pyruvate
In which steps is ATP used?
1 = Glucose into G-6-P
3 = F-6-P into Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
Why is glycolysis important?
Glucose = important fuel used by most cells
Which cells only use glucose?
Which organ predominantly uses glucose?
How much does it use?
Red blood cells
Brain
120g (out of 160g for whole body)
