Metabolic Processes

Question 1

ATP

Answer 1

Adenosine Triphosphate
Primary energy carrier in cells

Question 2

ADP

Answer 2

Adenine Diohosphate
Molecule that ATP becomes after losing a phosphate group

Question 3

Phosphorylation

Answer 3

Process of adding a phosphate group to a molecule i.e. ADP to form ATP

Question 4

Exergonic Reaction

Answer 4

Reaction that releases enery

Question 5

Exergonic Reaction

Answer 5

Reaction that releases energy

Question 6

Endergonic Reaction

Answer 6

Reaction that absorbs energy

Question 7

Metabolism

Answer 7

Sum of all chemical reactions in an organism

Question 8

Anabolism

Answer 8

Building of complex molecules from simpler ones, requiring energy

Question 9

Catabolism

Answer 9

Breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy

Question 10

Cellular Respiration

Answer 10

Process by which cells break down glucose to produce ATP

Question 11

Glycolysis

Answer 11

First step un cellular respiration, occurring in the cytoplasm, where glucose is split into 2 pyruvate molecules

Question 12

Pyruvate Oxidation

Answer 12

Conversion of pyruvate into Acetyl-CoA before entering the Krebs cycle

Question 13

Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)

Answer 13

Series of chemical reactions in mitochondria that generate ATP and electron carriers

Question 14

Electron Transport Chain

Answer 14

Chain of proteins in inner mitochondrial membrane that uses electrons to generate ATP

Question 15

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Answer 15

Process of ATP production using ETC and ATP synthase

Question 16

ATP Synthase

Answer 16

Enzyme that synthesizes ATP using a proton gradient

Question 17

NAD+

Answer 17

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
Electron carrier that becomes NADH when reduced

Question 18

FAD

Answer 18

Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide
Electron carrier that becomes FADH2 when reduced

Question 19

Chemiosmosis

Answer 19

Movement of hydrogen ions across membrane to drive ATP production

Question 20

Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 20

Type of respiration that doesn’t require oxygen

Question 21

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Answer 21

Process where pyruvate is converted into lactic acid in muscle cells

Question 22

Alcoholic Fermentation

Answer 22

Process where pyruvate is converted into ethanol & carbon dioxide in yeast

Question 23

Enzyme

Answer 23

Protein that speeds up chemical reactions in cells

Question 24

Substrate

Answer 24

Reactant that an enzyme acts upon

Question 25

Active Site

Answer 25

Region of an enzyme where the substrate binds

Question 26

Activation Energy

Answer 26

Energy required to start a chemical reaction

Question 27

Allosteric Regulation

Answer 27

Regulation of an enzyme by binding a molecule at a site other than the active site