metabolic processes Flashcards
in order to sustain life, cells perform a series of:
chemical reactions
reactions occur in series. this means that:
the products of one reaction will act as the substrate in the following reaction.
catabolism:
catabolic processes.
catabolic processes:
when larger molecules are broken down to produce smaller molecules and a net release of energy.
anabolism:
anabolic processes.
anabolic processes:
a net input of energy to build larger and more complex molecules out of simpler, smaller ones.
examples of anabolic reactions include:
glucose to glycogen, glycerol and fatty acids to triglycerides, etc
energy is defined as:
the ability to do work.
the two types of energy are:
kinetic energy and potential energy
kinetic energy is:
the energy of motion
potential energy is:
stored energy or energy that is available but not yet released.
in order to perform work, the cell:
transforms potential energy into kinetic energy.
energy is X when a chemical bond forms between two atoms.
released. HOWEVER energy is still required to start the reaction
bond energy is:
the energy required to break a chemical bond
when energy is released in a chemical reaction, it is usually released in the form of:
thermal energy (heat)
the study of thermodynamics is:
the study of energy changes in a system
a system can be:
a whole organism, a group of cells, or a set of substrates and products. a system is everything that is taking part in the reaction.
surroundings are:
everything outside of a system.
define open system:
when a system and its surroundings can exchange matter + energy with each other.
the laws of thermodynamics describe:
how a system can interact with its surroundings and what can + cannot occur within a system.
