metabolic pathways Flashcards
where are the receptors for insulin and why ?
they are found at the cell membrane , this is because insulin is a protein hormone and it cannot cross the cell membrane to enter the cell.
how is PKB and type 2 diabetes related ?
PKB isn’t activated as a result of it not responding to insulin and this is an essential pathway in the insulin signalling pathway
what would occur if there is an SNP in the PKB gene that changes the position 274 encoded protein from aspartate to lysine ?
if there is an SNP in the PKB gene then this could affect the PKB phosphorylating the AS10 protein so therefore it cannot be inactivated and allow the GLUT4 vesicle to fuse with the plasma membrane
how does sulphonylurea work by binding to the KTAP channel to increase the insulin ?
by sulphonylurea binding to the KATP channel this closes them and prevents the K+ leaving the cell , this causes a depolarisation to the membrane. this causes the voltage gated Ca2+ channels to open and this allows Ca2+ to enter a cell down their conc gradient. The influx of Ca2+ ions allows the vesicles containing insulin to bind to the membrane
why is sulphonyl urea not an effective treatment in type 1 diabetes ?
the type 1 diabetics have a destruction to their beta cells containing insulin to they cannot . produce enough
