Met kaflar 20 - 24 Flashcards
Hvar að meðaltali er ITCZ í gráðum?
25°S
Hvað er annað nafn yfir “equatorial trough”?
ITCZ
ITCZ has ____form weather
ITZ has cumuliform weather
Eru hæðir eða lægðir sitt hvoru megin við ITCZ og hvernig er veðrið þar?
Hæðir - calm weather
The mediterranean front forms in summer/winter, often causing cool/warm, moist/dry convective weather
winter, cool, moist
Af hverju myndast mediterranean front?
Mediterranean er á veturna heitari en landið og því myndast lægðin.
Hvað heita vindarnir sem blása frá hæð að ITCZ (allavega í Afríku)?
Trade winds sem kallast Monsoons eða Harmattan
Hvernig myndir þú lýsa Harmatton og hvað er það?
Trade winds sem blása frá High og að ITCZ, þeir eru dry and dusty.
ITCZ færist í hvaða átt í júní?
norður
Í afríku, frá hverju og til hvers eru SW monsoons að blása?
Þeir eru að koma frá Hæðinni sunnarlega í Afríku, blása þaðan “til vinstri og þaðan upp” að ITCZ.
European weather is controlled primarily by the passage of..
polar front depressions
Í norðri í December eru polar front depressions “bönd”, hvað er á milli þessara banda?
Cold temporary anti cyclones (ridges of high pressure)
Hvað er Mistral og Bora?
Local winds í Evrópu sem blása í December í átt að lægðinni í Mediterranean og fara þannig yfir Evrópu.
In summer the Azores is weaker/stronger
Stronger
In summer the polar front depressions are weaker/stronger?
weaker
Hvað eru typhoons (North West Pacific) með marga storma á ári?
20 - 30
In December, Australian weather is generally dry and arid, but in the north ____ weather predominates.
convective
Freezing rain is a real hazard when in warm/cold fronts
warm
Over mainland Europe in winter, the outflow from the Siberian High can provide an easterly airflow giving what kind of weather?
Very cold clear weather.
In the central part of the Atlantic Ocean between 10°N and 20°N the prevailing winds are..
NE trade winds
For an aircraft what are the meteorological dangers associated with a Harmattan wind?
Dust and poor visibility
The general surface flow of air is from/towards the Mediterranean basin in winter.
towards
What is the predominant characteristic of the summer weather in North West Africa (0 - 10°N)?
a. Stability.
b. South westerly monsoon.
c. Dust haze
d. Tornadoes.
b. South westerly monsoon.
What weather might you expect just off the south coast of Australia?
Frequent polar front depressions
In January, Bombay, India(19°N) is mainly experiencing:
a. The Khamsin.
b. The SW monsoon.
c. The NE trade winds.
d. The NE Monsoon.
d. The NE Monsoon.
In September when flying west of Dakar in the Atlantic Ocean, which weather feature would you consider most worthy of extra caution?
a. Possible Cyclones.
b. Possible Hurricanes. Incorrect
c. Westerly waves.
d. Easterly waves.
d. Easterly waves.
Along the West coast of India the prevailing winds are the:
a. SE monsoon in July and a SW monsoon in January
b. SW monsoon in July and a NE monsoon in January
c. SW monsoon in July and a SE monsoon in January
d. NE monsoon in July and a SW monsoon in January
b. SW monsoon in July and a NE monsoon in January
What weather might you expect on a flight in summer over Florida?
Thermal thunderstorms during late afternoon.
What kind of visibility and wind situation would you encounter in an area where you have Föhn winds?
Good visibility. Turbulence.
What is the Föhn called if it’s in the Rocky mountains?
Chinook
Hvað er aðal vandamálið við Harmattan og hvernig er vindáttin?
NE og þetta er að blása dust og veldur poor visibility.
Þegar það er lægð á veturna yfir Miðjarðarhafi, hvaða þrír vindar koma frá Afríku inn í lægðina?
Scirocco, Ghibli og Khamsin
Hvernig er vinda”sambandið” á milli Norður Afríku og Mediterranean á veturna vs sumrin?
Vetur: Scirocco, Ghibli og Khamsin.
Sumur: Harmattan (dust and poor visibility)
Er Föhn katabatic eða anabatic?
Katabatic
In a cold air pool, weather activity is greatest during what part of the day?
Afternoon
What is the average geographical latitude for travelling frontal depressions?
60°N
Þegar polar front depression hefur farið hjá svæði þá er spes veður sem fer í gang sem má skipta upp í þrjú skref, lýstu skrefunum.
- CONTINUOUS rain and snow
- Intermission
- SHOWERS of rain and snow.
Hvernig er precipitation í gegnum ferlið þegar Polar front depression fer í gegn? (líka hve lengi hvert stig varir).
- Áður en warm frontið kemur, CONTINUOUS precipitation for 6 hours.
- Þegar warm front kemur þá hættir úrkoma í nokkrar klst.
- Þegar cold front þá verður SHOWERS í tvær klst.
Hvernig weather pattern er talað um ef það er mjög langt alls staðar á milli isobars?
Flat pressure pattern
At which latitude are you most likely to find the subtropical high pressure belt?
25° - 35°
At what latitude will you find the roaring forties?
40° - 50 SOUTH!
What is the average latitude of the prevailing westerlies?
50°N (Talað um að þetta sé í mid latitudes).
In which areas are easterly waves likely to form?
Trade wind zone
Transition from SW to NE monsoon in India occurs in..
September to November
How many wet seasons are there in Nairobi?
Two
Hvernig er veðrið í “the horse latitudes”?
Dry and clear due to the influence of the Azores high pressure system
Trade winds originate in a _____ and move towards the ____
Sub tropical high, ITCZ
What weather would you find in an easterly wave?
Thunderstorms and rain.
When are the rainy seasons in equatorial Africa?
March to May and October to November
General surface winds in Africa with ITCZ to the north are ___ to the north and ____ to the south
NE trade wind, SW monsoon
What is the type, intensity and seasonal variation of precipitation in the equatorial region?
Rain- and hail showers + thunderstorms. Occur the whole year but the most in two periods; April-May and Oct-Nov.
On which side of an easterly wave are thunderstorms most likely to form?
On the east side of the wave
Hvernig er rakastig í trade wind belt, upper- og lower level?
Lower part moist, upper part dry.
On the west coast of India, prevailing winds are..
SW monsoon in July and NE monsoon in january.
How many wet seasons in Kenya?
Two.
