Met Infomation Flashcards
Significant weather charts shows us
Jet streams/CAT/Sig Cloud/Icing/Turbulence/Tropopause level/Volcanic Activity
Low Level Significant Weather Chart is valid for/height
9 hours - SFC to FL100
Upper Wind Charts - Height
FL240 upwards
Volcanic Ash Advisory Centres
9 Regions
Advise on volcanic ash/pre eruptions activity
Info used by MWO for SIGMET
World Area Forecast Centres
Produce Significant weather charts
London/Washington
Put areas into blocks NWP for forecasting
6/9 hours
Metrological Offices
Produce Aerodrome forecasts and briefing
TAFS
GAMET
NOTAMS
METARs
Metrological Watch Offices
MWOs
Provide weather information for FIR
SIGMET
AIRMET
ASHTAM
Any relevant changing information
Meteorological Services
Observe local weather and report on it
METAR
SPECI
Trend/Landing forecast in next 2 hours
SNOWTAM
Tropical cyclone warning centres
Monitor the development of tropical cyclones and advise oNLY
En route reporting would be:
ATIS
D-ATIS
VOLMET - METARS/SPECI/TRENDS on VHF + TAFS/SIGMETS on HF
METARS - reporting time/what it provides
30 minutes usually can be 60 minutes
Trends/landing conditions in next 2 hours
QNH rounded down/temp rounded up
Up to date every minute/10 minutes averaged on METAR
BL
Blowing
PR
Banks of fog
ML
Shallow Fog
NSC
No significant cloud
CAVOK
10km or more visibility
No cloud below 5000ft
No CB or sig weather
Runway State (8 figure code)
TED B
RW designator
Type of deposit
Extent
Depth of deposit
Braking action
SPECI
Issued between METAR when significant change
GAMET
General aviation in the region weather
Low level/Issue when required
Written in plain English
AIREP
Routine air report
Metrological report from AC via datalink
Wind direction/speed/turbulence/cloud etc
PIREP
Special Air Report
Pilots reporting of severe hazards
Mod serve turbulence
Mod serve icing
Severe mountain waves
Thunderstorms
Heavy dust storms/sandstorm
Volcanic ash/volcanic activity
SIGMET Reports
Pilot to ATS to WMO
Severe turbulence and icing/TS/Squall Lines/tropical cyclones/MTW/sandstorms
4 hours usually
6 hours when volcanic ash/TRS
AIRMET reports MWO
Warnings below FL100 (FL150 in mountains)
Valid for 4 hours
Moderate turbulence and icing
CB or TCU
Cloud ceiling
Moderate mountain waves
Surface visibility below 5000m
Basically anything not as severe as SIGMET
Aerodrome Warnings
Info relating to vehicles/facilities on ground
Valid for 6 hours
Can include:
Gales
Strong wind warnings
Thunderstorms/hail
Snow
Frost warning
Fog
Freezing rain
Dust storms
Tsunami
Volcanic ash
Numerical Weather Prediction model shows what
FL050 to FL630
Air temp
Humidity
Wind direction and speed
Temperature of the tropopause
Wind speed/wind direction/flight level
Geo potential altitude of the flight levels
CB/turbulence/icing
Significant weather chart Mid level FLs
FL100 to FL450
Low level SWC FLs
SFC to FL100
Trend signify
Landing forecast added to the actual weather report
A special air report comprises of the following to begin with
Aircraft identification
Position or latitude/longitude
Time
Level or range of levels
ATIS surface wind average time
2 minutes
Compared to METAR which is 10 minutes
Upper wind and temperature chart have a constant what
Pressure is constant all over the chart
Charts issues for different pressure altitudes
Low drifting sand
When sand has been raised by wind but does not obscure visibility at eye level and it less than 6ft
Shallow Fog (ML) vertical extent
Does not obstruct horizontally more than 6ft
