MET Flashcards
How does wind vary from 2000’ to SFC and from day to night?
Backs and Slacks due to Friction
Effects of Icing on AC
AAEUCPCVV.
Aerodynamics, All Up Mass Incr, Engine, Undercarriage, Control Sfc, Pitot Static Syst, Comms, Vision, Vibration
2 Types of Icing
Rime (Hoar Frost, Freezes Quickly)
Clear (Big H2O Droplets, Freezes Slowly)
Icing Clouds
CB, TCU, NS
All Imply Sev Icing
Slant Vis?
Hyp of triangle - better above HZ, poor in HZ
Prevailing Vis
Over half the circle
Min Vis
When colour state changes or less than 1/2 prevailing (civ)
RVR
Reported when vis less than 1500m
When is advection fog formed?
When moist air moves across cold land, cools to dew point.
Forms over land in winter, sea in summer
Radiation Fog
light winds, clear skies, long night
Polar Continental SS Track (Summer/ Winter)
SUMMER - Ltd instability, SCT CU, HZ, Mod-Good Vis
WINTER - Stable, NSC, HZ, Mod Vis
Polar Continental LS Track (Summer/ Winter)
SUMMER - Stable, OVC ST SC, DZ, Mod-Poor Vis
WINTER - Unstable, BKN CU CB, SHRA/SN/GR, TS, Good Vis except in SH
Hazards of Trough
CBs, TS, Icing
Anticyclone (Summer/ Winter)
SUMMER - HZ
WINTER - Icing, FG
Draw Global Pressures, Cells etc.
Diagram incl. H, L, Polar, Ferrel, Hadley, PFJ, STJ, ITCZ, Equatorial Trough, Trade Winds
Active ITCZ
CB TS up to Trop (65000’)
Mediterranean
SUMMER - Hot, Dry w depressions. Sub-tropical H moves into region bringing HZ.
WINTER - Cooler, Rain, TS, Low comes in from N
Explain Asiatic Monsoon
SUMMER - L over Land, H to L from SW brings warm moist air. Tropical Maritime Airmass.
WINTER - H over Continent, Draws cold air from contient NE wind.
Tropical Storms req’d conditions
Low Winds, PS26 Sea Temp, Moist Air, 5-15deg from Equator (needs PGF), unstable
Significance of Tropopause
Jet Engines most efficient, Nil Wx above, Contrails form nr Trop, CAT, Jetstreams just below
Why does Trop vary?
Air MAsses
Why does Vwind incr with height?
Greater deltaT, incr PGF
How do you avoid/ lessen contrails?
Fly above Trop, find warmer/ drier air/ reduce throttle
CAVOK Req?
Greater than 10KM Vis, NSW, no CB or TCU, No Cloud below 5000’
How far ahead of SFC Warm Front will you find JS?
300-450NM
CAT Causes
JS, Lee Mountain, Trough, Convergence,
PRFG, BCFG, MIFG, VCFG
Bank of Fog, Patches, Shallow, In Vicinity
STJ Characteristics
Circulates globe in Winter, Intermittent in Summer.
