Avionics Flashcards
How does a conventional altimeter derive height info?
Aneroid Capsule calibrated to 1013.2hPa then compares to measured pressure.
What is the purpose of an ADC?
Turn analogue info into digital format. (Analogue info from Pitot-Static, via Transducer into A-D Convertor)
What does the [first] red line on a light twin engine aircraft ASI indicate?
VMCA (Other one is VNE)
Gyroscopic Instruments are usually powered by one of two means, what are they?
Vacuum or DC Power
What principle does the RAD ALT use to measure height?
PingPong/2. (Radar)
How does the analogue output from a sensor find its way onto an electronic flight instr?
Transducer -> A-D Converter -> Databus -> Processor -> Display
Wat does an AHRS do?
Attitude and Heading Ref System. (Compiles data from sensors to determine att and hdg)
What are you likely to find at the bottom of the alt tape
Pressure SEtting
How is data feed failure to a particular instrument typically indicated (on an EFIS)?
Red X
In the event of PFD falure, what initial course of action is likely to be open to you?
Switch to MFD
What must a standby instrument installation include to ensure it is not compromised by the same failure affecting the PFD/MFD installation?
Sep Power and Data Feed
What is the primary function of an FMS?
Enable PBN. 4D Area Nav via most economical route
What is an IRS?
Inertial Ref System. Uses gyros and accelerometers to calc displacement from known start location
What is the purpose of the scratch pad on FMS CDU?
Edit area/ info
What two types of FMS database?
Performance and Navigation
How does the FMS use Radio Nav Aids?
Automatically selects, tunes and idents the best radio nav aids
What is RNAV?
Area Nav. Nav b/w any two points on the globe - reduces congestion
What does VNAV seek to achieve?
Predict and optimize vertical path of ac
What HF issues can arise from increased automation>
skill loss, complacency
What component provides the point of ref for an autopilot?
Gyro Sensors
What additional systems can be integrated with an autopilot to make a modern AFCS
Auto Throttle,. EFIS, AHARS, Nav Sensors (FMS)
What are the two main modes an AFCS can operate in>
Guidance and Control
What is purpose of flight director?
Guidance Sys giving bug based on inputted info
What inputs/ info does an auto throttle thrust management computer use/ need?
AC Sensors, ADC, Eng Sensors, Eng Bleed, MEP, AHRS, GPS
Wat is an ac upset?
Dangerous situation/ unusual pos that could result in abnormal conditions
How could you minimize the risk of HF exacerbating an ac upset situation?
Upset Trg
What does GNSS provide?
Accurate location (3D) and time (4D)
How is position fixing achieved in GNSS?
Trilateration
What are the three main causes of GNSS position error?
Atmospheric Disturbance, Orbital Perturbations/ Errors, Multi Pathing
What is the purpose of RAIM?
Satellite Integrity Check (provides confidence of GPS integrity)
How does SBAS work?
Regional basis, surveyed Ground Station, sat and AC compare DeltaZ to measure GPS inaccuracy
What is a datum?
Fixed known ref point for cartography measurements
How could you speed up time to first fix?
Tell it where you are
In weather mode, what will the radar mainly see?
Water Droplets
What principle does TURB mode use to detect turbulence? (Airborne Wx Radar)
Doppler
In a manual system what is the main control that you might need to adjust during climb-out?
Tilt
When shouldn’t the AWR be set to transmit?
On ground (esp near people)
What ac system does TCAS use to sense other ac?
Transponder
What are the two categories of TCAS Alert?
Traffic Adv (TA), Resolution Adv (RA)
How do two TCAS II ac talk to eachother>?
Mode S Datalink
TCAS Symbol for intruder ac?
Yellow Circle
What protection does TCAS II Sys offfer against non-TCAS ac with Mode A only ATC Transponder?
Shows ac position with no height info
Response to TCAS RA?
Immediate evasive action, tell ATC “C/S, TCAS RA…”
What radio call should be made when reacting to TCAS RA?
“C/S, TCAS RA”
What are the g limits for responding to TCAS RA?
0.25g for initial RA-> 0.35g for subséquent RAs
What is the most likely CFIT scenario?
Landing Short
How does the EGPWS provide predictive terrain caution and warnings?
Incl GPS input, compares to your position
What does Terrain Clearance Floor function of EGPWS provide?
Protection in landing phase
What does a hard TAWS warning imply?
AC in dangerous situation, immediate action required.
What does you do in the event of a “PULL UP” warning?
Full Power, Pull Up to Stall, Disconnect AutoP, Leave Flap, Leave Gear
