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Merrill's Atlas > Merrill's Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Merrill's Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Thoracic cavity contains

A

pleural membranes, lungs, trachea, esophagus, pericardium, heart and great vessels

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2
Q

abdominal cavity contains

A

peritoneum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, stomach, intestines, kidneys, ureters, major blood vessels, pelvic portion

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3
Q

interiliac plane

A

transects the pelvis at the top of the iliac crests at the level of the fourth lumbar spinous process.

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4
Q

occlusal plane

A

formed by the biting surfaces of the upper and lower teen with the jaws closed.

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5
Q

C1 landmark

A

mastoid tip

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6
Q

C2, C3 landmark

A

Gonion (angle of mandible)

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7
Q

C3, C4 landmark

A

hyoid bone

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8
Q

C5 landmark

A

thyroid cartilage

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9
Q

C7, T1 landmark

A

vertebra prominens

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10
Q

T1 landmark

A

approximately 2 inches above level of jugular notch

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11
Q

T2, T3 landmark

A

level of jugular notch

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12
Q

T4, T5 landmark

A

level of sternal angle

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13
Q

T7 landmark

A

level of inferior angles of scapulae

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14
Q

T9, T10 landmark

A

level of xiphoid process

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15
Q

L2, L3 landmark

A

inferior costal margin

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16
Q

L4, L5 landmark

A

level of superiormost aspect of iliac crests

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17
Q

S1, S2 landmark

A

level of anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

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18
Q

Coccyx landmark

A

level of pubic symphysis and greater trochanters

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19
Q

How many bones are in the body?

A

206

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20
Q

Gliding joint

A

uniaxial movement, Intercarpal and intertarsal joints

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21
Q

hinge joint

A

uniaxial movement, flexion and extension only.

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22
Q

Pivot

A

uniaxial movement, only rotation around a single axis, neck

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23
Q

ellispsoid

A

biaxial movement, flexion, extension, abduction and adduction, wrist

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24
Q

saddle

A

biaxial movement, thumb

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25
Q

ball and socket

A

multiaxial movement, shoulder

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26
Q

condyle

A

rounded process at an articular extremity

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27
Q

coracoid/coronoid

A

beaklike or crownlike process

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28
Q

crest

A

ridgelike process

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29
Q

epicondyle

A

projection above a condyle

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30
Q

facet

A

small, smooth-surfaced process for articulation with another structure

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31
Q

hamulus

A

hook-shaped process

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32
Q

head

A

expanded end of a long bone

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33
Q

horn

A

hornlike process on a bone

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34
Q

line

A

less prominent ridge than a crest; a linear elevation

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35
Q

malleolus

A

club-shaped process

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36
Q

protuberance

A

projecting part or prominence

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37
Q

spine

A

sharp process

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38
Q

styloid

A

long, pointed process

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39
Q

trochanter

A

either of two large, rounded, and elevated processes located at junction of neck and shaft of femur

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40
Q

tubercle

A

small, rounded, and elevated process

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41
Q

tuberosity

A

large, rounded, and elevated process

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42
Q

fissure

A

cleft or deep groove

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43
Q

foramen

A

hole in a bone for transmission of blood vessels and nerves

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44
Q

fossa

A

pit, fovea, or hollow space

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45
Q

groove

A

shallow linear channel

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46
Q

meatus

A

tubelike passageway running within a bone

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47
Q

notch

A

indentation into border of a bone

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48
Q

sinus

A

recess, groove, cavity, of hollow space

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49
Q

sulcus

A

furrow, trench, of fissurelike depression

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50
Q

closed fracture

A

does not break through the skin

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51
Q

displaced fracture

A

serious fracture in which bones are not in anatomic alignment

52
Q

nondisplaced fracture

A

fracture in which bone retains its normal alignment

53
Q

open fracture

A

serious fracture in which broken bone or bones project through the skin

54
Q

ventral

A

anterior

55
Q

dorsal

A

posterior

56
Q

caudad

A

refers to parts away from the head of the body

57
Q

cephalad

A

refers to parts toward the head of the body

58
Q

central

A

refers to middle area or main part of an organ

59
Q

peripheral

A

refers to parts at or near the surface, edge, or outside of another body part

60
Q

contralateral

A

refers to part or parts on the opposite side of the body

61
Q

ipsilateral

A

refers to part or parts on the same side of the body

62
Q

medial

A

refers to part toward the median plane of the body or toward the middle of another body part

63
Q

deep

A

refers to parts far from the surface

64
Q

superficial

A

refers to parts near the skin or surface

65
Q

parietal

A

refers to the wall or lining of a body cavity

66
Q

visceral

A

refers to the covering of an organ

67
Q

dorsum

A

refers to the top or anterior surface of the foot or to the back or posterior surface of the hand

68
Q

palmar

A

refers to the palm of the hand

69
Q

plantar

A

refers to the sole of the foot

70
Q

axial projection

A

there is a longitudinal angulation of the central ray with the long axis of the body or specific body part.

71
Q

tangential projection

A

the CR is directed toward the outer margin of a curved body surface to profile a body part just under the surface and project it free of superimposition.

72
Q

trendelenburg position

A

supine position with head tilted downward

73
Q

fowler position

A

supine position with head higher than the feet

74
Q

sims position

A

recumbent position with the patient lying on the left anterior side with left leg extended and right knee and thigh partially flexed.

75
Q

lithotomy position

A

pelvic exam position

76
Q

lordotic position

A

yoga camel pose

77
Q

abduction

A

movement of a part away form the central axis of the body or body part

78
Q

adduction

A

movement of a part toward the central axis of the body or body part

79
Q

extension

A

straightening of a joint

80
Q

flexion

A

act of bending a joint

81
Q

hyperextension

A

forced or excessive extension of a limb or joints

82
Q

hyperflexion

A

forced overflexion of a limb or joints

83
Q

eversion

A

outward turning of the foot a the ankle

84
Q

inversion

A

inward turning of the foot at the ankle

85
Q

pronation

A

rotation of the forearm so that the palm is down

86
Q

supination

A

rotation of the forearms so that the palm is up

87
Q

circumduction

A

circular movement of a limb

88
Q

tilt

A

tipping or slanting a body part slightly

89
Q

deviation

A

turning away from the regular standard of course

90
Q

dorsiflexion

A

flexion or bending the foot toward the leg

91
Q

plantar flexion

A

flexion or bending the foot downward toward the sole

92
Q

adnexus

A

adnexa

93
Q

alveolus

A

alveoli

94
Q

areola

A

areolae

95
Q

branchus

A

bronchi

96
Q

bursa

A

bursae

97
Q

calculus

A

calculi

98
Q

coxa

A

coxae

99
Q

diagnosis

A

diagnoses

100
Q

diverticulum

A

diverticula

101
Q

fossa

A

fossae

102
Q

gigiva

A

ginigivae

103
Q

haustrum

A

haustra

104
Q

hilum

A

hila

105
Q

ilium

A

ilia

106
Q

labium

A

labia

107
Q

lamina

A

laminae

108
Q

lumen

A

lumina

109
Q

mediatinum

A

mediastina

110
Q

medulla

A

medullae

111
Q

meninx

A

meninges

112
Q

meniscus

A

menisci

113
Q

metastasis

A

metastases

114
Q

mucosa

A

mucosae

115
Q

omentum

A

omenta

116
Q

paralysis

A

paralyses

117
Q

plexus

A

plexi

118
Q

pleura

A

pleurae

119
Q

pnemothorax

A

pneumothoraces

120
Q

ramus

A

rami

121
Q

ruga

A

rugae

122
Q

sulcus

A

sulci

123
Q

thrombus

A

thrombi

124
Q

vertebra

A

vertebrae

125
Q

viscus

A

viscera

Merrill's Atlas (3 decks)

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