Merrill's Chapter 17

Question 1

Achalasia

Answer 1

failure of smooth muscle of alimentary canal to relax

Question 2

appendicitis

Answer 2

inflammation of the appendix

Question 3

barrett esophagus

Answer 3

peptic ulcer of lower esophagus, often with stricture

Question 4

bezoar

Answer 4

mass in the stomach formed by material that does not pass into the intestine

Question 5

biliary stenosis

Answer 5

narrowing of bile ducts

Question 6

carcinoma

Answer 6

malignant new growth composed of epithelial cells

Question 7

celiac disease or sprue

Answer 7

malabsorption disease caused by mucosal defect in the jejunum

Question 8

cholecystitis

Answer 8

acute or chronic inflammation of the gallbladder

Question 9

choledocholithiasis

Answer 9

calculus in common bile

Question 10

cholelithiasis

Answer 10

presence of gallstones

Question 11

colitis

Answer 11

inflammation of the colon

Question 12

diverticulitis

Answer 12

inflammation of diverticula in the alimentary canal

Question 13

diverticulosis

Answer 13

diverticula in the colon without inflammation or symptoms

Question 14

diverticulum

Answer 14

pouch created by herniation of the mucous membrane through the muscular coat

Question 15

esophageal varices

Answer 15

enlarged toruous veins of lower esophagus, resulting from portal hypertension

Question 16

gastritis

Answer 16

inflammation of lining of stomach

Question 17

gastroesophageal reflux

Answer 17

BACKWARD FLOW OF STOMACH CONTENTS INTO THE ESOPHAGUS

Question 18

HIATAL HERNIA

Answer 18

PROTRUSION OF THE STOMACH THROUGH THE ESOPHAGEAL HIATUS OF THE DIAPHRAGM

Question 19

hirschsprung disease or congenital anganglionic megacolon

Answer 19

absence of parasympathetic ganglia, usually in the distal colon, resulting in the absence of peristalsis

Question 20

ileus

Answer 20

failure of bowel peristalsis

Question 21

inguinal hernia

Answer 21

protrusion of the bowel into the groin

Question 22

intussusception

Answer 22

prolapse of a portion of the bowel into the lumen of an adjacent part

Question 23

malabsoprtion syndrome

Answer 23

diorder in which subnormal absorption of dietary constituents occurs

Question 24

meckel diverticulum

Answer 24

diverticulum of the distal ileum, similar to the appendix

Question 25

pancreatitis

Answer 25

acute or chronic inflammation of the pancreas

Question 26

pancreatic pseudocyst

Answer 26

collection of debris, fluid, pancreatic enzymes, and blood as a complication of acute pancreatitis

Question 27

polyp

Answer 27

growth or mass protruding from a mucous membrane

Question 28

pyloric stenosis

Answer 28

narrowing of pyloric canal causing obstruction

Question 29

regional enteritis or crohn disease

Answer 29

inflammatory bowel disease, most commonly involving the distal ileum

Question 30

ulcer

Answer 30

depressed lesion on the surface of the alimentary canal

Question 31

ulcerative colitis

Answer 31

recurrent disorder causing inflammatory ulceration in the colon

Question 32

volvulus

Answer 32

twisting of a bowel loop on itself

Question 33

zenker diverticulum

Answer 33

diverticulum located just above the cardiac portion of the stomach