Mental Health in Pediatrics Flashcards
Mental Health considers overall wellness:
How you think;
Regulate your feelings;
Behave
Mental illness or mental disorder is defined by:
Changes in thinking, feeling, and behavior that causes distress and disrupts function.
Delay or disruption in thinking, behavior, social skills, emotional regulation that negatively impact function at home, in school or other social environments (Mayo Clinic, 2021)
Mental Health Disorder
Definition: “serious deviations from expected cognitive, social and emotional development” (USDHHS, 2018 as cited in O’Brien, 2020)
CDC Data 2016-2019:
ADHD 9.8% (approximately 6.0 million)
Anxiety 9.4% (approximately 5.8 million)
Behavior problems 8.9% (approximately 5.5 million)
Depression 4.4% (approximately 2.7 million
children at risk for mental health disorders
Children with Physical Disabilities
Children with ADHD, LD and DCD
Children who are Overweight or Obese
Children who are grieving
Children living at a low income or in poverty
Children who have experienced trauma
Children who are at risk of or showing early signs of psychosis
IEP may give a general dx but we need to
look at the broader picture and see what’s underneath it.
Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) classifies five types of anxiety disorder.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Social or Specific Phobias
Panic Disorder
Impact on Occupational Performance
Depression
Symptoms can vary based on the individual
Often seen as a co-morbid diagnosis among adolescents.
Impact on ________ __________
occupational performance
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)
Severe temper outbursts 3 or more times/week for one year or more.
Outbursts not proportional to symptoms
Appear in 2 or more settings
Occurs before age 10; cannot diagnose before age 6 or after age 18
Conduct Disorder
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
dx of exclusion
Violates age appropriate norms for behavior, rights of others, aggression, property destruction, harm to others, lying, theft, violation of rules/laws.
Difficulty with adult authority figures and communication/social interaction with peers.
What would be a good thing to do to assess how someone’s mental health can affect ADLs and IADLs
task analysis
Awareness
Orientation
Temperament
Personality
Energy drive
Executive Functions
Attention
Memory
Perception
Thought
Sequencing and timing
Emotional Regulation
Sense of self
Education - just because a child has a mental health diagnosis does it automatically qualify the for an IEP?
No. Only if the academics are being affected by mental health disorder.
Autism gets an automatic IEP?
Yes
Social participation and play will be impacted with mental health disorder, why
Children with mental health disorders are stigmatized, they may self isolate.
When does social participation begin?
Why does it shift after mental health issues
Social participation begins in early childhood with establishing joint attention, gestures and verbal communication.
They feel a change they start to shift. or maybe they never developed the skills
Social participation becomes increasingly important as the child moves into _______________________
adolescence and early adulthood.
Social participation is linked to
quality of life and satisfaction
sleep, how does it affect mental health disorder?
mental health disorders can impact sleep quality,
75-80% of children with anxiety report _________________________
some instance of sleep disturbances
how can mental health disorders impact or be benefited from work / volunteering
Paid work, chores, community volunteering
Learn problem-solving, negotiating, work behaviors and etiquette and following rules
Difficulty understanding rules and roles within work and volunteer
How to ASSESS MENTAL HEALTH IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
Develop an occupational profile looking at the individual’s strengths, limitations, values, needs and goals
Interview of the child- develop a narrative of the child’s comments
Clinical observation
Clinical and narrative reasoning to develop your findings
OT and Mental health activities
Screen for social skills and abilities
Look at adaptive function
Provide social skills and social competency training, in groups or individually
Adapt the environment for play and social skills
Coordinate interdisciplinary or interagency efforts for families
Provide support to families and staff to encourage positive interactions
The family might need more support, how can an OT help
offering resources for support groups.
sign something that gives the OT permission to talk to parent outsie of school
education of wellness and self-care using areas of strength
CAPE/PAC- Children’s Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE) and Preference for Activities of Children (PAC)
Child Depression Inventory
Behavior Rating Inventory of
Executive Function (BRIEF)
Child Health Questionnaire
Devereux Student Strength
Assessment (K-8) (DESSA)
PEGS: Perceived Efficacy and Goal Setting System
School Function Assessment (SFA)
