Mental Health I and II

Question 1

What determines our health?

Answer 1

A healthy balance of all aspects of our lives being well physically spiritually emotionally socially and mentally being present and living intentionally and with an overall purpose and with no ailments.

Question 2

Why do we study determinants of health?

Answer 2

Determinants of health directly impact our health

they structure our behaviour, they predict greatest proportion of health status variance and they interact with each other to produce health that’s why we study the determinants of health

Question 3

List the determinants of health.

Answer 3

1. Biological determinants
2. Social and physical Environmental determinants
3. Economic determinants
4. Cultural determinants
5. Spiritual and religious determinants
6. Psychological determinants

Question 4

What are determinants of health?

Answer 4

A determinant is a factor that operates at different levels individual, social, and community and environmental level to effect (protect from or increase) the likelihood of being exposed to a disease or condition or the likelihood of developing the condition when exposed

Question 5

What are the three determinants of physical and mental health?

Answer 5

Social, environmental and psychological factors

Question 6

Public health and personal mental health is determined by the interrelationship between which factors?

Answer 6

1. Behavioral factors
2. Economic factors: income employment availability of work poverty socioeconomic status
3. Environmental factors: safe environment secure and quality housing
4. Biological and genetic factors
5. Social factors: meaningful roles in society education social support within communities
6. Demographic factors: gender age ethnicity and race

Question 7

What is meant by mental health?

Answer 7

Mental health is described by world Health Organisation as a state of well-being in which the individual realises his or her own abilities and can cope with the normal stresses of life and can work productively and fruitfully and is able to make a contribution to his or her community

Question 8

Mental health is intimately connected with what?

Answer 8

Mental health is intimately connected with physical health and behaviour and mental state

Question 9

Physical and mental health are interdependent. discuss

Answer 9

Physical health and mental health are closely associated through various mechanisms as studies of links between depression and heart and vascular disease demonstrates the importance of mental health in the maintenance of good physical health and in recovery from physical illness is well documented as is the opposite

what this means is that physical health is dependent on mental health so if you are sick and you are in recovery your mental health plays a huge role in your physical recovery from that illness

Question 10

What is dsm-5?

Answer 10

Dsm-5 is diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders

Question 11

What does dsm-5 define a mental disorder as?

Answer 11

A syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition emotion regulation or behaviour that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological biological or developmental processes underlying mental function.

mental disorders are usually associated with significant distress or disability in social occupational or other important activities

Question 12

What are the main mental health problems?

Answer 12

Depression anxiety and trauma

mental health problems affect one person in every four people making them one of the leading cause of disability worldwide and they account for more economic costs than chronic somatic diseases such as Cancer or diabetes

So, mental health disorders are really a big problem

Question 13

State the biopsychosocial model.

Answer 13

The biopsychosocial model assumes that biological, social(environmental) , circumstantial(life events) and psychological factors are all important in the aetiology or cause of mental mental disorders

Question 14

From a biopsychosocial perspective mental health problems result from what?

Answer 14

They result from genetically transmitted physical abnormalities along with additive effects of negative life events and environmental factors which then subsequently affect psychological functioning

Question 15

Psychological determinant of health

Answer 15

Psychological determinants of health are interrelated with the bio social economic cultural spiritual religious and physical environment determinants of health

These determinants are the foundation on which experiences and cognition
beliefs and behaviours and habits and health and illness patterns are built, this includes both health and illness as well as risk behaviour such as substance abuse violence sex risk behaviours high risk diets lack of physical activity and lack of sleep technology and social media Addiction and obesity etc.

Question 16

What are the psychological factors?

Answer 16

They include cognition emotion behaviour and these are combined to form knowledge attitudes beliefs motivation self-concept and skills and our personality which informs our health and illness and all that boils down to the choices that we make or that’ll all influence our choices

Question 17

Cognitions affect impact on bodily states. discuss

Answer 17

Cognition includes our thoughts our perceptions which is our worldview our learning attention and concentration spans and our memory all that affects our feelings and emotional States and our feelings and emotional States have an impact on our bodily States which is our sleep or energy levels appetite bladder and bowel function, sexual energy which affects all body functions

Question 18

Define cognition in terms of determinant of health.

Answer 18

It is mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought experience and the senses

Question 19

Mental capacity includes? (5)

Answer 19

Intellect. 
understanding 
powers of reasoning and comprehension and of thought
judgement 
sense
perception

Question 20

What are the four main processes that research shows as important in developing a healthy mind and body?

Answer 20

Behaviour, emotional regulation, thinking Styles, and reasoning ability.

these are important to develop and maintain all of physical and mental health problems and treatment adherence

Question 21

Where are our emotions located?

Answer 21

Emotions are located in the limbic system

Question 22

What are some behavior addictions?

Answer 22

Internet and games debit shopping work love sex gambling food and eating and codependency

Question 23

Discuss the addiction cycle

Answer 23

Addiction starts in the mind and it all begins with a fantasy and a ritual and then you act it out and then there’s shame and it’s a cycle

Question 24

What are some medical complications of obesity?

Answer 24

Pulmonary disease
coronary disease 
cancer 
gout 
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 
Gynecological abnormalities 
cataracts 
stroke diabetes hypertension

Question 25

What are the risks of a high-risk sexual behaviour?

Answer 25

High-risk sexual behaviour puts people at risk for sexually transmitted infections, unplanned pregnancy and being in a sexual relationship before being mature enough to know what makes a healthy relationship

Question 26

What are the links between risks?

Answer 26

Behaviours don’t occur in isolation
Substance use and sexual behaviour high risk of unintended pregnancy increases in sexual transmitted diseases including HIV

multiple sex partners equals to increased risk
sexually active more likely to ride in a car under the influence of alcohol or drugs

high correlation between alcohol intoxication and fatal accident homicide Street and domestic violence and suicide so there’s a link.

Question 27

Discuss personality as a health determinant.

Answer 27

Personality is defined as stable individual differences in worldview thinking and feeling and behaving

Question 28

Relationships contribute to how we deal with health and illness

Answer 28

Peer pressure
Conflict
Grief etc