Mental health challenges Flashcards
What is mental health?
A state of mind in which a person copes with an adjust to the stressors of every day life
What is mental health influenced by?
Inherited characteristics
Childhood nurturing
Life circumstances
What is stress?
The emotional behavioural or physical response to an event or situation
What is a stressor?
An event or situation that causes stress
What is a defence mechanism?
A subconscious practice intended to either delay, uncomfortable feelings, or ignore feeling such as guilt and anxiety
What is conversion?
Using illness as a means of escape, turning anxiety into physical symptoms
What is denial?
And unwillingness to accept truth or certain reality
What is displacement?
A transfer of feelings onto another person instead of onto the person who is the source of anger
What is projection?
Blaming someone else for one’s own behaviour
What is rationalization?
Justifying a behaviour or action by explaining it is being less harmful or hurtful than it really is
What is regression?
A return to an earlier developmental stage as a way to escape from stress
What is repression?
The involuntary action of blocking painful memory from the conscious mind
What is major depression?
Severe feelings of self blame disappointment interferes with ability to perform ADL
What is depressive disorder?
Client is sad, empty irritable mood accompanied by physical changes as well as thought changes affects their ability to function
What are five symptoms of depression?
Lack of interest
Anxiety
Feelings of uselessness and helplessness
Slow memory
Withdrawal
What are five ways to support depression?
Be positive
Encourage rest
Property nutrition
Social interaction
Safe environment
What is psychotherapy?
A form of therapy that explores thoughts, feelings, and behaviours
What is drug therapy?
Prescribed street drugs, abused, over-the-counter medication’s that interfere with helping
What is electroconvulsive therapy?
ETC
Short term treatment that alters brain chemicals
What is seasonal affective disorder?
Occurs each year at the same time usually related to weather and seasonal change
What is bipolar disorder?
Group of related brain disorders that caused unusual shifts in a persons mood energy and ability to function
What are five symptoms of mania?
Increased energy
Extreme irritability
Racing thoughts
Little need for sleep
Prolonged weird behaviour
What are five ways of supporting clients with mania?
Follow guidelines
Have a calm environment
Encourage rest
Self-care
And do not argue
What is schizophrenia?
A complex mental health disorder, characterized by symptoms of delusion, hall, hallucinations, disorganized, speech, and disorganized behaviour
What are the six symptoms of schizophrenia?
Psychosis
Delusions
Delusions of grandeur
Delusions of persecution
Hallucinations
Paranoia
What is psychosis?
A mental state in which a persons perception of reality is impaired
What are delusions?
Fake beliefs that are not based on reality
What are delusions of grandeur?
False and exaggerated beliefs about the importance, talent or wealth of oneself
What are hallucinations?
Seeing hearing tasting, smelling or feelings that are not real
What is paranoia?
Extreme suspicion about a person or a situation
What are four ways of supporting clients with schizophrenia?
Focus on one task and activity at a time
Be aware of your nonverbal communication
Do not argue with clients
Use distractions to avoid disturbing the client
What is personality disorder?
A group of disorders involving rigid and social unacceptable behaviours that are not expected
What are five signs and symptoms of a personality disorder?
Self-centredness-me first
Lack of individual accountability -victim mentality
Manipulative and explorative behaviour
Lack of perspective, taking an empathy
Unhappiness, depression, and other mood, anxiety disorders
What are two interventions for personality disorder?
Consistent care with communication and acceptance
Recognize disturbing behaviour
What are five ways of supporting a client with personality disorder?
Except clients in a caring non-judgmental way
Speak to your client in a factual professional manner
Provide care and support as specified in the clients care plan
Keep a consistent manner
Refrain from giving personal information
What is substance dependence disorder?
Deliberate misuse of and inability to stop the abuse of substances
What is drug tolerance?
Occurs when the person needs larger and larger amount of substances to get the same effect
What is drug withdrawal?
A physical reaction that occurs when the person stops taking the substance
What is detoxification?
Allowing an abuse substance to exit the body naturally or medically
What is paranoia?
Unfounded, fear, and suspicion
What is stigma?
A social shame associated with a particular circumstance
What is discrimination?
Unfair treatment of people on the basis of such aspects of physical appearance and group membership
How to support clients in their family?
Dignity
Independence
Individual care
Preferences
Privacy
Safety
What are the 10 principles of mental healthcare and HCA role?
Follow care plan
Do no harm
Except as a whole
Be patient
Develop mutual trust
Explore behaviours and emotions
Observed client carefully
Encourage responsibility
Encourage adaption
Provide consistency
What is a team approach?
Addressing the needs of clients with mental health disorders, including their personal safety and emotional needs
What is suicide?
To kill oneself
What are five risk factors that may lead to suicidal tendencies?
Mental health disorder
History of abuse
Substance abuse
Pressure to succeed
Negative life events
What are five ways of supporting clients who have suicidal intent?
Take them seriously
Tell your supervisor
Do not leave the client alone
Encouraged the client to talk
Do not minimize the clients concern
What are feeding and eating disorders?
Altered body image perceptions that lead to disturbance in eating behaviours
Abnormal concern about body weight and shape
What is anorexia nervosa?
A serious complex and often chronic life-threatening, feeding and eating disorder
Characterized by an intends fear of gaining weight
refusal to maintain body weight within 15% of normal weight,
Come a distorted body image
What is bulimia nervosa?
Psychological feeding and eating disorder that is characterized by episodes of binging, eating followed by inappropriate methods of weight control purging
What is pica?
Persistently eating substances without nutritional value for a period of at least a month
Hair dirt pebbles
What is tardive dyskinesia?
Involuntary movements, most often of the mouth lips and tongue
