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Mental Health & Addiction Flashcards

1
Q

transference

A

the client’s feelings about the therapist.
(you remind them of their mother)
(normal, until line is crossed)

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2
Q

countertransference

A

any feelings that the therapist has towards their client
(omg, I live this kid, I wish I could adapt him)
(normal, until line is crossed)

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3
Q

compassion fatigue

A

exhaustion

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4
Q

vicarious trauma

A

you are traumatized by your clients experience

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5
Q

latent

A

the underlying meaning of behavior or its expression
(the internal or root cause of the manifest content)
(found out by talking - feelings)

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6
Q

manifest

A

the external expression of what is going on

behavior - anger - flipping desk

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7
Q

etiology

A

cause

what is the cause

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8
Q

sympathy

A

pity

sorry about what you’re going through

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9
Q

empathy

A

putting yourself in their shoes

validating or normalizing their emotions

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10
Q

cognitive

A

thinking

thought process

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11
Q

psychosis

A

NOT a diagnosis
(it defined a group of different diagnosis)
(like mood disorder, it’s a category)

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12
Q

sociopath, psychopath

A

NOT a diagnosis

antisocial personality disorder = diagnosis

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13
Q

2 symptoms needed for schizophrenia

A

delusions and hallucinations

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14
Q

too much dopamine causes

A

schizophrenia

complete recovery is rare

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15
Q

too little dopamine causes

A

Parkinson’s

neurological disorder

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16
Q

dopamine is to ______ as

serotonin is to ______

A

schizophrenia

depression

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17
Q

schizoaffective disorder

A

A person has schizophrenia AND bipolar or major depression

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18
Q

brief psychotic disorder (schizophrenic-like)

A

> 1 day, < 1 month

does not require impairment in social or occupational functioning

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19
Q

Schizophreniform disorder

schizophrenic-like

A

> 1 month, < 6 months

does not require impairment in social or occupational functioning

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20
Q

Asperger’s disorder

A

In DSM 4, not in DSM 5

Now called autism spectrum disorder

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21
Q

prodromal phase

A

onset and buildup of symptoms (e.g. schizophrenia)

Active phase = having ________
(e.g. schizophrenia)

Residual phase = symptoms no longer prominent

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22
Q

3 phases of a disorder

A

prodromal phase
active phase
residual phase

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23
Q

mood

A

what or how the client reports feeling

24
Q

affect

A

what you observe of your client (client presents depressed, anxious, etc.)

25
Q

depression

A

intense sadness, feelings of guilt, or worthlessness

26
Q

Bipolar

A

depression and mania

27
Q

affective

A

depressed, limited enthusiasm, irritability, and feeling anxious

28
Q

major depressive disorder

A

can’t function, want to die

29
Q

chronic depressive disorder

A

symptoms are present most of the day, for more days than not, during a 2 year period
(less severe than major depressive disorder, person does NOT want to die)

30
Q

personality disorders

A

causes significant functional impairment in relationships

31
Q

schizotypal type

A
  • poor interpersonal relationships *think they have special powers *peculiar behaviors
  • close to schizophrenic but no hallucinations *person is bizarre
  • want personal relationships
32
Q

schizoid personality disorder

A
  • person is bizarre
  • few peer relationships
  • don’t want relationships*
  • the person is a loner
  • fewer or no sexual experiences
  • differs from schizotypal because they don’t wants a relationship, schizotypal does
33
Q

histrionic

A
  • often mistaken for narcissistic *externalize that they are the best *actively seek attention
  • the difference is that narcissistic really believes that they are the best, histrionics just seek attention
34
Q

obsessive compulsive personality disorder (OCPD)

A
  • different from OCD
  • perfectionist
  • orderly
  • OCD can’t control it, have to do _____
35
Q

antisocial psychopathic types

A
  • 18 and older

* oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder are for kids

36
Q

oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)

A
  • younger than 18
  • I don’t want to do what you say
  • like conduct disorder but not violent
37
Q

conduct disorder

A
  • younger than 18

* like oppositional defined disorder but violent

38
Q

Mental Status Exam (MSE)

A 
clinician’s observations:
* appearance
* speech
* emotions
(mood = how the client feels most of the time)
(affects = way client shows emotions while with you)
* thought process and content
(process = how a person thinks)
(content = what a person thinks about)
* sensory perceptions
* mental capacities
* attitude towards the interviewer
39
Q

emotions

A 
mood = how the client feels most of the time
affects = way client shows emotions while with you
40
Q

thought process and content

A 
process = how a person thinks
content = what a person thinks about
41
Q

circumstantiality

A

a disturbance in the thought process which is characterized by a lack of goal direction, although the person eventually gets to your question (takes a while to get to the point of what they are saying)

42
Q

perseveration

A

certain words being uttered over and over again, regardless of what you have said. A sense that the client has to keep repeating that expression rather than choosing it because of the content you were discussing.
Yes, yes, quite, quite, as a response no matter what the content.

43
Q

3 common associations of thoughts

A
  • tangentiality - talking about the subject at hand, but not quite. If you ask someone about their job, they tell you about people looking for jobs
  • loose associations - a person moves from one topic to another without any apparent connection between the two
  • flight of ideas - often accompanied by rapid speech, but can occur without it, they cannot stop doing it
44
Q

delusions of grandeur

A

a person who is convinced that they have rare, unusual, magical, or exaggerated powers
(e.g. they are of God, Napoleon)

45
Q

somatic delusions

A

person fears that they have some deadly disease or unusual condition

46
Q

obsession vs. compulsion

A 
obsession = always a thought
compulsion = always a deed
47
Q

most compulsive rituals cluster around one of three types of actions:

A
  • repetitive cleaning or washing, most often ones hands
  • checking, such as returning to one’s house many times to make sure that the gas is off
  • counting, number of bathroom tiles
48
Q

illusions vs. hallucinations

A

illusions = normal sensory events that are misperceived. e.g., the wind blows a curtain in your office and the client tells you that it was a vampire coming through the window

hallucinations = an experience involving one of the five senses, unrelated to any external stimuli and clearly not true.

  • auditory - hear dead sister
  • visual - see the devil
  • olfactory - smell rotting fish
  • tactile - being touched by someone or something
  • gustatory - taste

auditory and visual = most common
olfactory, tactile, gustatory = very unusual

49
Q

client is oriented x 3

A 
mental capacities section of the Mental Status Exam (MSE). 
The three orientations refer to: 
time 
place
person
50
Q

acute stress disorder

A

distinguished from PTSD because the symptom pattern is restricted to a duration of 3 days to 1 month following exposure to the traumatic event

51
Q

alcohol

A

is a central nervous system depressant. It is not a sedative, which is a term for medications

52
Q

SSRI

A

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor, the designation for a class of antidepressants that work by increasing levels of serotonin in the brain

53
Q

psychoactive drugs

A

1) depressants
2) stimulants
3) hallucinogens
4) opiates

54
Q

depressants

A

suppress central nervous system functions, decrease arousal, stimulation, breathing, lowers processing speed, helps to sleep or calm down, for anesthesia.
(barbiturates, tranquilizers) not prescribed often and are addictive. Replaced with benzodiazepines also helps with seizures.
Alcohol - lowers inhibitions

55
Q

stimulants

A

excite the central nervous system. Increase heart rate, alertness, blood pressure, more awake and energized, or nervous or giddy.
Caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines (Adderall), methamphetamines (MDMA, ecstasy, Molly)

56
Q

opiates & opioids

A

opiates - natural
opioides - synthetic

can depress the central nervous system functions like depressants, but work differently than depressants.

They are an analgesic - reduce the perception of pain. (morphine, codeine, heroin, oxycodone, Vicodin).

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