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Foundations 1 > Mental Health > Flashcards

Mental Health Flashcards

1
Q

Obsession

A

Persistent thoughts, impulses, or images that persist and recur so they cannot be dismissed from the mind

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2
Q

Compulsion

A

Ritualistic behavior that an individual feels driven to perform in an attempt to reduce their anxiety

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3
Q

Phobia

A

Irrational fear

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4
Q

Nomophobia

A

Fear of being without phone/ internet connection

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5
Q

PTSD

A

re-experiencing a traumatic event
Flashbacks
Avoidance
Detachment

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6
Q

Positive symptom of schizophrenia

A 
Alteration in thinking
Speech
Perception
Behavior
Ex. Hallucinations
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7
Q

Negative symptom of schizophrenia

A

Anhedonia
Affect
Alogia
Avolition

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8
Q

Lithium toxicity

A

GI upset, coarse hand tremors, confusion, hyper-irritability of muscles, Arrhythmias

Monitor sodium levels; if low sodium it increasing the risk of lithium toxicity

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9
Q

Lithium

A

0.5-1.2 mEq/L
Mood stabilizer
Affects thyroid and renal function
Caution with diuretics

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10
Q

Haloperidol

A

Antipsychotic
Blocks dopamine receptors
Side effects dry mouth, postural hypotension

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11
Q

Phenelzine

A

MAOI; antidepressant

Hypertensive crisis with tyramine

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12
Q

Milieu therapy

A

An environment to affect positive change

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13
Q

Addiction

A

Compulsive seeking despite consequences

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14
Q

Fluoxetine

A

SSRI; antidepressant
Serotonin syndrome is SE
Hyponatremia is potential for older adults

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15
Q

Hyponatremia

A

Confusion
Edema
Decreased BP

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16
Q

Tardive dyskinesia

A

Involuntary muscle spasms

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17
Q

Schizophrenia

A

Typical onset teens to twenties

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18
Q

Serotonin syndrome

A

Hyperthermia
Increased BP
Confusion
(Flu-like symptoms)

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19
Q

Echolalia

A

Pathological repeating of words

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20
Q

Bipolar

A

Episodes of mania alternating with depression

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21
Q

Mania

A

Risk for physiological exhaustion

22
Q

Affect

A

Flat, inappropriate emotions

23
Q

Tyramine

A

Avoid this when taking MAOIs

In foods like cheese, yogurt, wine, aged meats

24
Q

Clang association

A

Words strung together that rhyme

25
Q

Depakote

A

Anticonvulsant used for mania

26
Q

Resilience

A

Process of adaptation to deal with tragedies

27
Q

Anxiety

A

Most common of all psychiatric disorders

28
Q

Levels of anxiety; severe

A

Greatly reduced/distorted perceptual field, attention is scattered
Problem solving feels impossible; dazed and confused
Feeling of dread, confusion, purposeless activity, sense of impending doom, diaphoresis, withdrawal, loud/rapid speech, more intense somatic complaints (chest discomfort, dizziness, nausea, sleeplessness)

29
Q

Levels of anxiety; panic

A

Unable to attend to the environment; focus is lost
Completely unable to process what is happening; disorganized or irrational reasoning
Experience of terror, immobility or severe hyperactivity/flight, severe withdrawal, hallucinations/delusions, out of touch with reality, somatic complaints increase (numbness/tingling, SOB, dizziness, chest pain, trembling, chills, overheating, palpitations)

30
Q

Bipolar I

A

Marked by shifts in mood, energy, and ability to function. Have experienced at least one manic episode

31
Q

Bipolar II

A

Have experienced at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depression episode

32
Q

Cyclothymia

A

Hypomania alternate with symptoms of mild to moderate depression for at least 2 years

33
Q

Dysthymia

A

Persistent depressive disorder; defined as a low mood occurring for at least 2 years

34
Q

Anhedonia

A

Refers to the absence of happiness or pleasure in aspects of life that once made them happy; inability to feel happy

35
Q

SSRI (paroxetine-Paxil; fluxetine-Prozac)

A

Used to treat generalized anxiety disorder

Blocks reputable of serotonin- increasing levels in the brain

36
Q

SNRI (venalfaxine-Effexor)

A

Used to treat anxiety, depression, and nerve pain

Blocks both serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain

37
Q

Nonadrenergic drugs

Propranolol

A

Used to short-term for relief of social anxiety and performance anxiety
Blocks adrenergic receptor activity

38
Q

Noradrenergic drugs

Clonidine

A

Treats anxiety disorders; panic attacks

Stimulates adrenergic receptors

39
Q

Benzodiazepines (lorazepam; Ativan)

A

May be used short-term to treat panic disorder and agoraphobia
Binds to benzodiazepine receptors, facilitates action of GABA, slowing neural transmission thus lowering anxiety

Caution with driving
No alcohol or caffeine

40
Q

Buspirone (BuSpar)

A

Can treat the worry associated with generalized anxiety disorder rather than the muscle tension
Functions as a serotonin receptor partial agonist resulting in anxiolytics and antidepressant effects
Does not cause dependency

41
Q

Levels of anxiety: mild

A

Heightened perceptual field; sharp focus
Ability to solve problems becomes for effective
slight discomfort, restlessness, easily startled, irritability, mild tension- relieving behaviors (foot tapping, lip chewing)

41
Q

Levels of anxiety; moderate

A

Grasps less of what is going on, less able to pay attention
Able to solve problems but not are optimal level
Voice tremors, shakiness, poor coordination, change in voice pitch, increases pulse/respiration/muscle tension, somatic complaints (headache, insomnia, backache) more tension relieving behavior (pacing, banging hand on table)

42
Q

Panic disorder vs. panic attack

A

panic disorder is a random attack, unknown trigger

panic attack you know the trigger

43
Q

Adaptive Vs. maladaptive

A

adaptive is positive; it is going to support groups and reaching out to people
maladaptive is ineffective coping like using alcohol, withdrawing from people around you

44
Q

respiratory alkalosis

A

Neuromuscular: Anxiety, irritability, numbness or tingling of extremities, seizures,
hyperreflexias, lethargy
Cardiovascular: Tachycardia (lungs are working so hard at breathing that the heart is
trying to work harder too), decreased or normal blood pressure
Respiratory: Hyperventilation, dizzy, lightheaded
Skin: Pale and diaphoretic

45
Q

cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia

A 
difficulty with attention
memory
information processing
problem solving
judgement
46
Q

affective symptoms of schizophrenia

A

high risk for suicide
increased substance abuse
impairs functioning

47
Q

alcohol withdrawal; mild-moderate

A

agitation, anorexia, tremors, anxiety

begins 6-8 hrs after last drink

48
Q

alcohol withdrawal; alcoholic hallucinations

A

psychosis and perceptual problems
delirium, unconsciousness, seizures
begins 8-10 hrs after last drink

49
Q

alcohol withdrawal; withdrawal seizures

A

medical emergency
generalized seizures
begins 12-24 hrs after last drink

50
Q

alcohol withdrawal; withdrawal delirium

A

medical emergency
elevated BP, HR, diaphoresis, fever, anxiety, insomnia, visual/auditory/tactile hallucinations
begins anytime in the first 72 hours of last drink

Foundations 1 (8 decks)

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