Mental Health Flashcards
Major depressive episode DSM criteria
>=5 sx in same 2-week period
Sleep- insomnia or hypersomnia
Interest- depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure doing things.
Guilt- feelings of worthlessness
Energy- fatigue
Concentration- diminished ability to think clearly or make decisions.
Appetite- weight increase or decrease, loss of food enjoyment.
Psychomotor- psychomotor retardation or agitation.
Suicide- thoughts, passive without plan common
Generalized anxiety disorder DSM criteria
>= 3, > 6mths Worry Anxiety Tension in muscles Concentration difficulty Hyperarousal or irritability Energy loss Restlessness Sleep disturbances
Treatment of mood disorders
Starter med SSRI’s- Prozac, Zoloft, Celexa, lexapro, Paxil
If failed SSRI, try SNRI- Effexor, cymbalta, pristiq.
Add on therapy, SDRI- Wellbutrin (good for OCD)
Electroconvulsant therapy (ECT) should be considered for what types of patients?
Treatment of choice for pts who are in need of urgent response, such as those who are suicidal, or refusing food. Should be considered for pts with major depressive disorder with a high degree of symptom severity.
What type of antidepressants are most dangerous with a suicide attempt?
Tricyclics
What is a common short term problem associated with SSRI use early on?
Frontal headache, which is a transient effect.
Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome sx
Flu-like sx, insomnia, nausea, imbalance (dizzy, incoordination), sensory disturbance, hyperarousal (anxiety/agitation), headache
Bipolar disorder definition
Disorder with two states of extreme moods: extreme happiness/elation (mania), & extreme sadness and despair (depression)
Definition of delusions
Beliefs that are unreal & fixed (cannot be convinced otherwise).
*Manic- super powers, important figures, Jesus, admired by an important figure.
Definition of hallucinations
Hearing or seeing things that are not there.
*Manic- usually auditory, hearing voices of some important figure speaking to him.
Definition of Anhedonia
Pt is unable to have pleasure in things (family, foods, interest in things)
Bipolar depression treatments
Lithium (common, cheap), anticonvulsants to lower brain activity, antipsychotics to lower dopamine, & adjuncts anxiolytics/antidepressants.
Schizophrenia & schizoaffective disorder dx criteria:
2 or more of following over a one month period:
Delusions (irrational, unshakable beliefs), hallucinations, disorganized speech (frequent derailment or incoherence), grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, negative sx (no motivation, poor hygiene).
Schizophrenia clinical presentations
Delusions, persecutory, referential, grandiose, erotomanic, nihilistic, somatic.
