Mental Health Flashcards
what is autism spectrum disorder
continuum of neuro biological s/s that affect communication, behavior, social interactions. presents by age 3, <boys, genetic and envirornmental causes.
autism signs
difficult with sensory integration like loud sounds or hugging, no eye contact, obsessive behaviors, echolalia, repetitive movements, delayed speech development, regression of skills, hand flapping
Autism screenings
MCHAT during 18-24mo well visit, ASQ-3, assess milestones.
Autism tx
identify early with screenings, speech therapist, limit overstimulation, work with multi teams. no tx to cure. goal to reach optimal functioning.
what is ADHD
neurobio disorder with inattentiveness, hyperactivity and impulsivity. <boys, related to dopamine and nor epi as a cause, often in families, those in foster care, from environmental and etoh exposure, often have comorbidities like depression or reading problems.
ADHD s/x
short attention span, distracted, cant wait for turn, impulsive, disorganized, fidgety, rash decisions
ADHD assessment
rule out with labs, hearing and vision, psychological testing, dx with DSM-5
ADHD tx
education, stimulant rx like ritalin or adderall(side effects are decreased appetite, weight loss, tachycardia, increased bp), school should be aware, need vitals each visit and test liver function, goal to achieve full academic potential and high self esteem
what is depression
daily disruption of mood, loss of pleasure for >2wks.
depression s/s
irritable, sadness, loss of interest, acting out, somatic sx.
r/f for depression
isolation, loss, stress, hx depression, substance use, other medical problem, stressful life event, chronic illness in family member or the child.
depression tx
psychotherapy, exercise 3x/wk, rx, in patient centers.
what is anxiety
when worry, fear, anxiety past normal coping and impact daily life. most common problem. can be genetic or environmental. develop during school years. GAD, SAD, PA.
anxiety s/s
abd pain, ha, nausea, palpitations, dizziness, dyspnea, nightmares, decreased appetite, somatic sx, new fears, worry, not participating, change in emotion like aggitation or avoidance.
anxiety tx, dx
cognitive behavioral therapy, rx ssri if needed. dx with SAAI or SCARED
What is anorexia
fear of gaining weight, low body weight. from psychological and physiological pressures, genetics, weight stigma.
What is bulimia nervosa
binge then purge. can have normal or overweight. from poor self image, disorganized family, depression
anorexia s/s
anxiety, depression, poor self esteem, obsessive thoughts, suicidal thoughts, preoccupied with weight or cal, crying, compulsive exercising, covers up, low body mass index, loss of subq fat, amenorrhea, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, low bone density, lanugo, cold intolerance, hotn, bradycardia
anorexia nervosa tx
check phosphorus levels frequently, correct nutritional deficits with NG or PO, in pt or out pt therapy. goal to have healthy weight, fluid status, healthy body image
bulimia nervosa s/s
distress with eating socially, food rituals, bathroom trip after eating, labile mood, bloating, esophageal tearing, poor teeth, calluses on hands, thin hair, hypokalemia, bradycardia.
bulimia nervosa tx
routine meals, food diaries, check electrolytes, ekg, cognitive behavioral therapy, ssri.
what is substance abuse
etoh, vaping, nicotine, weed vaping most common, flavor is worse than cigarretes.
substance abuse s/s
withdrawal like anxiety, irritability, increased appetite, restless, increased HR, BP, ha. can have lifelong damage.
tx for substance abuse
nicotine replacement, rx, alternative therapy. parents should look for vapes in objects. use CRAFT tool
